CCTV News:According to WeChat official account, Beijing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Japan announced that it would start discharging nuclear polluted water from Fukushima into the sea on the afternoon of August 24th, which caused global concern and heated discussion. Many citizens in Beijing also started to snap up edible salt. Some citizens think that "iodized salt can prevent nuclear radiation", which is incorrect. Many citizens want to know whether iodized salt can prevent the accumulation of radioactive iodine in the thyroid gland, so as to protect the thyroid gland.

The purpose of iodizing salt in China is to prevent and treat iodine deficiency disorders. Because Beijing is an iodine-deficient area in the environment, iodization with salt can supplement iodine nutrition for the whole people safely, conveniently and for a long time, so as to avoid iodine deficiency affecting the health of residents. According to China’s "National Food Safety Standard Iodine Content of Edible Salt", the iodine content in iodized salt is 20-30mg per kilogram. In a nuclear pollution accident, radioactive iodine is mainly accumulated in the thyroid gland. In the early stage of the accident, it is necessary to take 100mg of "stable iodine" once, which is equivalent to taking 3-5kg of edible iodized salt once. The Dietary Guidelines for China Residents (2022) clearly states that "adults should not consume more than 5g of salt every day". If excessive intake occurs, it will cause serious burden to various organs of the human body, induce or aggravate cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and chronic nephropathy, and even cause dehydration and even death in severe cases.

Therefore, it is not advisable to prevent nuclear radiation by eating iodized salt!

　　Study cartoon schematic diagram. Photo courtesy of respondents

　　There are problems such as drug resistance and drug toxicity, and it is impossible to completely reverse the damaged bone — — There are still some defects in the conventional anti-bone resorption drugs and bone anabolic drugs that have been used at present. For the elderly with declining organ function, it is difficult to bear the whole course of treatment, which restricts the overall effect of conventional anti-osteoporosis treatment.

　　On the eve of the World Osteoporosis Day on October 20th, Professor Fan Shunwu, Director of Orthopedics of sir run run shaw hospital, and the research team of Professor Tang Ruikang from the Department of Chemistry of Zhejiang University published a research result in the international authoritative magazine JACS. Through a new nano-material, baking soda (sodium bicarbonate) can be adsorbed on the bone surface in a targeted way, which can inhibit osteoclasts and fundamentally prevent osteoporosis. The team proved that it can inhibit the bone destruction of osteoclasts safely and intelligently through the in vivo experiments of mouse osteoporosis model.

　　The "termite disease" that eats bones needs to be cured urgently.

　　Osteoporosis is a kind of senile bone disease with decreased bone density and bone quality due to various reasons. With the acceleration of social aging in China, its incidence rate is getting higher and higher. In 2018, National Health Commission released the epidemiological survey of osteoporosis in China for the first time. The results show that China is 40-mdash; The prevalence rate of osteoporosis in 49-year-old population is 3.2%, that in 50-year-old population is 19.2%, and that in 65-year-old population is 32%. The bone health problems of middle-aged and elderly people in China are serious, and the population with low bone mass is huge, especially women.

　　"Young people should also pay attention to early prevention. Unhealthy lifestyles such as unbalanced diet, long-term meditation, smoking and drinking, and too little sunshine will affect the accumulation of basic bone mass, and bone mass is more likely to be lost after entering middle-aged and elderly people. " Lin Xianfeng, the first author of the above research paper and the attending physician of the Department of Orthopaedics, Run Run Shaw Hospital of Zhejiang University, said that it is conservatively estimated that the population of osteoporosis in China is close to 90 million.

　　According to the existing research, the primary cause of osteoporosis is the abnormal activation of osteoclasts, and the "acid" secreted by osteoclasts is considered to be the key initial factor of osteoclasts’ bone destruction and a necessary prerequisite for their degradation of bone tissue.

　　"If human bones are compared to a big tree, then osteoclasts are termites in the big tree. Once the activities of termites become active for various reasons, even the towering trees will collapse due to long-term decay." Fan Shunwu explained.

　　At present, the main drugs for the treatment of osteoporosis in clinic can achieve the purpose of anti-bone absorption and promoting bone synthesis and metabolism by focusing on the biological regulation of osteoclasts or osteoblasts, which can slow down the loss of bone mass in the elderly to a certain extent, but there is no key initial step of killing the external acid environment formed by osteoclasts from the source.

　　"Therefore, the existing drugs cannot completely reverse the bone destruction that has occurred, and non-bone selective administration will also lead to off-target and other organ toxic side effects." Fan Shunwu said that this series of problems has led to the poor clinical treatment effect of osteoporosis.

　　After acid and alkali neutralization, it is made into "biological armor"

　　Amazingly, baking soda reacts with acid, consuming hydrogen ions and producing carbon dioxide — — The "acid-base neutralization reaction" that people can learn in middle school has been unlocked by the research team.

　　According to reports, although osteoclasts are the source of osteoporosis, many studies show that they can promote bone formation and blood vessel formation as "precursor cells" before acid secretion, so it is very important to accurately target and inhibit osteoclasts.

　　Based on the basic chemical principle of acid-base neutralization, the research team has packed nontoxic and harmless baking soda (sodium bicarbonate) into a safe nanocapsule (liposome), and loaded tetracycline with bone binding force on the surface to enable it to be targeted and adsorbed on the bone surface. When osteoclasts secrete acid to destroy bone tissue, they will immediately release sodium bicarbonate, inhibit the function of osteoclasts, and achieve the goal of fundamentally preventing osteoporosis.

　　Tang Ruikang explained that, generally speaking, after the baking soda alkaline liposome material enters the body, it will form an alkaline "biological armor" for the bone and maintain the acid-base balance of the local microenvironment of the bone.

　　Lin Xianfeng introduced that this armor is more like the "soft armor" in martial arts novels. It has no interference with ordinary cells, but it has intelligent and long-term defense effects on cells that actively attack bone tissue like osteoclasts.

　　Studies have fully confirmed that sodium bicarbonate liposome material can completely prevent osteoclasts of osteoporosis mice from secreting acidic substances and dissolving bones in animals, and it has been confirmed by a series of observation methods such as micro-CT that it can preventively prevent the loss of bone mass, so that the bone mass can be preserved to a nearly normal and healthy level.

　　"We also confirmed the safety of this study on non-acid-secreting cells (osteoblasts, chondrocytes, mesenchymal stem cells, etc.) in the main organs and bone tissues of mice." Lin Xianfeng said.

　　"The new intelligent material used in the research is not a scarce object. The key synthetic raw materials it uses, such as sodium bicarbonate, liposomes and tetracycline, are all safe substances that have been widely used in clinic for a long time." Fan Shunwu believes that this is a favorable condition for the results to be put into clinical application.

　　"This study has opened up a new idea for the treatment of osteoporosis with new nano-drugs through its precise and intelligent effect on osteoclasts." Lin Xianfeng said that on the whole, this study shows a good prospect of clinical transformation and follows the treatment concept of "from biology" that we have always admired.

Special feature of 1905 film network In the past week, the film circle has been very lively.filmExposeJing Bo RanandRonghao LiIn the tidbits of the set, the shapes of the two were also exposed. It is understood that the film was successfully filmed in Harbin in May.

Recently, the film also shot in Northeast China was announced to be successful, while the film also exposed the tidbits of Zhou Dongyu and Haoran Liu.

In fact, the two films are full of many things in common: they both involve crime themes, and the directors are both newcomers to meet the audience.Are these same elements just coincidences?

When we carefully observe the box office of Chinese movies in the past two years, we can find that among the top ten Chinese movie box offices in 2019, three works were directed by newcomers, especially the first and second.

In the top ten box office of Chinese movies in 2018, the works directed by newcomers accounted for almost half. On the contrary, those veteran directors who once led the market have not achieved the expected market results of their new works.

In today’s market, when the audience is waiting for the new director’s work to come out, it seems that they expect the new director to be like a "dark horse" and bring us freshness and changes.Tao Tao, a film critic, has served as a judge of many new director awards and activities.variousIt tells us that when he watched the works of young Chinese directors, he found that these directors were intentionally turning from the previous thinking of art films to the creative orientation of genre films.

Undoubtedly, these young directors, especially the post-80s directors, are bringing fresh blood to Chinese films with their own efforts.

Creative transformation of business types

Typing.This keyword is frequently mentioned in our interview.Due to the Beijing International Film Festival andShanghai International Film FestivalIt was postponed one after another, and the venture capital meeting of the FIRST Youth Film Festival became the first venture capital meeting in China to announce the project plan this year.According to official data, in this year’s FIRST Venture Capital Fair, the proportion of crime, fantasy, comedy and other types of films has been the highest in the past three years.

Although there are still many themes such as family and youth in the official proposals, in these works, most creators are no longer satisfied with telling a story of pure family and youth, but instead begin to explore the development of other types of elements and the upgrading of the author’s expression under this theme framework.

It can be seen that the creative thinking of young creators is changing in this era.

This change has the momentum that the back wave impacts the front wave. When we look back on the fifth and sixth generation directors, we can find that their first films have laid the foundation for their subsequent creation. Today, most of them are still interested in staying away from genre films and commercial film systems and paying attention to the artistic expression of the authors.

Of course, the possibility of change is mostly guided by the market.After the National Day in 2015, a group of new directors’ works were released together. At that time, many movies ended up with word of mouth and no box office, onlyXin YukunThe director’s first filmSurprised everyone.

At that time, it was predicted that the success of this film would bring more possibilities for subsequent types of films; Of course, some people lament that it may only become a successful orphan.

Five years have passed, and it has been proved that after the Labyrinth of the Heart, there have been many films in the market that combine comedy, crime and other elements.

In the venture capital unit of Shanghai International Film Festival last year, low-cost black suspense film projects were particularly favored by investors. According to Shen Yun, the judge of venture capital unit, such films may become the investment trend in the next few years, because they have established a bridge between the author’s expression and the market to some extent. When the realistic theme gradually becomes the mainstream of today’s market, this kind of realistic or magical realistic project with personal expression will naturally be welcomed by the market.

Kick for, the film marketing director of the FIRST Youth Film Festival, also told us that after the success of films such as Heart Labyrinth, they will receive some very imitative projects in recent years, which may be borrowed from the characters, story background and story structure, but it is difficult to see the special and stylized parts, which is an obvious change.

Wu, CEO of the film and television copyright trading platform "Yunlaiwu", also revealed to us that on this platform, the multi-line narrative structure is quite popular among young screenwriters, and the number of such scripts is also quite large.It can be seen that a number of small and beautiful works in the past have become popular in the market, which has also stimulated more young filmmakers to create similar themes.

The influence of the shadow complex

In the interview, Zhang Pu, director of Grey Monkey, never stinted on Quentin and guy ritchie. Wang Yichun’s and Dong Yue’s "Blizzard is Coming" do not shy away from paying tribute to them; Director Xin Yukun also draws lessons from and refers to the Korean crime theme … …

It can be seen that these young directors are all influenced by genre films in the world.

Tao Taolin told us that in his exchange experience with young directors, it was found that compared with the worship of Tarkovsky, antonioni, Bergman and other art masters by the fifth and sixth generation directors, the idols of these young directors have also changed.

"Compared with our predecessors, our generation has the honor to watch all kinds of master classics and genre masterpieces from all over the world in acquiring film knowledge, making Cohen Brothers, quentin tarantino, Park Chan-wook, Bong Joon ho, guy ritchie and other directors with strong styles become idols of a new generation of fans."

This group of directors who grew up in the Internet era have more opportunities to embrace genre films. Compared with their predecessors, they are more sensitive to the internet and are more keen on entertaining expression.

Of course, this influence is like a double-edged sword. The theme of crime has become the first choice in the creation of young directors.Xiaolian, who is in charge of film copyright sales on a video platform, told us that in the works of young directors they contacted in the past, crime films accounted for 80% of the genre films.

In Tao Taolin’s view, "the crime film has a strong genre model, and various elements such as suspense, action and murder are more convenient to implant, which makes it the first choice for young directors."

However, the Chinese genre films directed by young directors are still in a stage of reference and imitation. "Whether it is the image style, the film language and the narrative style, there are particularly obvious reference and reference traces, and it has not really formed its own style."

At the same time, the success of The Wandering Earth has emboldened many creators. The project planning of a head film company tells us that since the middle of last year, the number of projects with sci-fi themes or involving sci-fi elements has been much higher than in the past. Moreover, in the introduction of these projects, their benchmarking works are directed by Nolan.

In fact, genre films are likely to usher in more diversified development under the change of market wind direction. Although most of them are still in the primary stage of imitation and reference, as these directors polish their works one by one, they will gradually find their own style.

Ning Hao and Chen Sicheng are good examples. From the stage of learning and using for reference, they gradually realized the localization of genre and incorporated a lot of China folk culture into genre films.

Break the kidnapping of capital

Many people in the industry believe that although literary films are more easily recognized by film festivals, excellent genre films are actually more difficult. On the one hand, they need more investment support, on the other hand, they need more professional teams to intervene.

Weihao Cheng, director of "The Pursuit of Witnesses", admits that genre films will test the ability of young directors. He has said more than once that as a newcomer, the filming budget is limited, but the technical content of many scenes in genre films will be high, so it takes a lot of energy to prepare in the early stage, especially to test how we can show a stronger atmosphere with a small cost.

It is precisely because of these successful experiences in the past that Weihao Cheng has the opportunity to cooperate with Zhang zhen and Zhang Junning to shoot a new film "Seizing the Soul" with higher cost.

This kind of control actually lies in the director’s control over the budget, which can create infinite possibilities in the limited. Detective pu SonglingdirectorJia YanIn an interview with the media, I made a reply to the reasons for the failure of the work. He said, "These failures are all related to the budget. I can only tell you that the budget must be prepared before shooting, and it must be confirmed with the producer. "

It can be seen that the cooperative relationship between directors and producers also affects the quality of a work. When the new director is inexperienced, it will bring a lot of convenience to film creation if there are experienced producers involved. CarnivaldirectorVivian QuAlso said that the new director should not worry about lack of money, money can help improve production, but it is by no means a decisive factor.

At the same time, as a producer, she also gave her another level of thinking. "The director can be unconstrained, but the producer must predict the feasibility and can only allow a very small range of accidents. It cannot be said that the whole thing is an accident. The film should be presented in its best appearance, and at the same time, how to control the return in business should be considered. After all, the film is also a commodity. If the front is well controlled, there is no need to market it like that. "

It is true that it is an era of new directors, and various venture capital clubs and film companies have provided opportunities for new directors to show themselves through various support programs. However, under these opportunities, they can only create a truly universal film if they make a good story and integrate localized content into the film genre.

On March 11th, the tank brand held the first owners’ meeting, and the tank officially released the user brand "TANK LIFE". At the meeting, various tank brand modified models were unveiled. At the same time, the tank official announced that it will build a tank 300 3.0T model based on the limited edition of the tank 300 border, and the estimated price is around 300,000.

In addition, tank brands are based on models such as Tank 300 and Tank 500, and will continue to extend more derivative models through the forms of user co-creation and unbounded co-creation with brand owners. Of course, the first model to be introduced is the tank 300 3.0T+9AT model.

According to the official of the tank brand, "Tank Life" combustion life includes three parts: products, channels and services, which realizes the interaction in nine fields, such as personality upgrading, camping, climbing and photography, and forms a global ecological co-creation platform.

In terms of product co-creation, tanks will carry out vehicle co-creation, expand modification culture and share modification results. At the same time, it will also build a "tank brand experience base", where users will be invited to experience new products, including professional off-road projects such as climbing, wading and cannonball pits. On the level of service experience, the official will promote the tank academy, light up the earth plan, and tank good things.

The brand-new tank 300 model will be sold in the form of crowdfunding, with 1000 copies of crowdfunding, each with 20,000 yuan, and each user can only buy one copy. If the project successfully reaches the crowdfunding goal, the project will be started in April. According to the project development scope, it is expected that the project development will be completed in the second quarter of 2024, and successful users will become product partners, and they will enjoy five special rights and interests, such as early adopter rights, co-creation rights, expansion rights, shining rights and harvest rights.

In addition, it is reported that the tank brand will enter more overseas markets, and it has been explored in Saudi Arabia, Iraq and Australia. The tank official announced that in 2023, the tank will continue to promote the market processes such as ASEAN and accelerate its layout into the European market with strict access standards. In the future, tanks will enter more global markets. At that time, tanks will also simultaneously promote the "Lighting the Earth Plan" for overseas self-driving. In addition, Tanks expects to set up 30 overseas clubs this year, covering Southeast Asia, the Middle East, Australia, Russia and other regions.

Ministry of Transport of the People’s Republic of China, National Development and Reform Commission,
Decree No.11, 2008 of People’s Republic of China (PRC) Ministry of Finance

The Measures for the Transfer of Rights and Interests of Toll Roads were adopted at the 7th ministerial meeting on June 15th, 2007, and are hereby promulgated and shall come into force as of October 1st, 2008.

Minister of Transport Li Shenglin
Zhang Ping, Director of the National Development and Reform Commission
Minister of Finance Xie Xuren
August 20th, 2008

Measures for the transfer of rights and interests of toll roads

Chapter I General Principles

　　the first　In order to regulate the transfer of rights and interests of toll roads, safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of the transferor, transferee and users, and promote the development of highway undertakings, these measures are formulated in accordance with the Highway Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) (hereinafter referred to as the Highway Law) and the Regulations on the Administration of Toll Roads (hereinafter referred to as the Toll Regulations).
　　the second　The transfer of the rights and interests of toll roads within the territory of People’s Republic of China (PRC) shall abide by these measures.
　　Article　The meanings of the following terms in these Measures are:
　　(1) Toll roads refer to roads (including bridges and tunnels) that are approved to collect vehicle tolls according to the provisions of the Highway Law and the Toll Regulations. Toll roads include government repayment roads and operating roads.
　　The government loan repayment highway refers to the toll road built by the transportation department of the local people’s government at or above the county level with loans or paid funds from enterprises and individuals.
　　Operating highway refers to the toll road invested and built by domestic and foreign economic organizations in accordance with the law or the toll road with the right to repay the loan from the government in accordance with the law.
　　(two) the rights and interests of toll roads refer to the right to charge, the right to operate advertising and the right to operate service facilities.
　　(3) The term "transfer of rights and interests of toll roads" refers to the trading activities in which the transferor transfers the legally acquired rights and interests of toll roads to the transferee for compensation after the toll roads are completed and opened to traffic.
　　The transferor refers to the domestic and foreign economic organizations that transfer the legally obtained rights and interests of toll roads to the transferee for compensation according to law, including legal person organizations that specialize in the construction and management of government repayment roads for non-profit purposes and domestic and foreign economic organizations that invest in the construction and operation of operating roads.
　　The transferee refers to the domestic and foreign economic organizations that have obtained the rights and interests of toll roads from the transferor in accordance with the law.
　　Article 4　The state allows the transfer of the rights and interests of toll roads according to law, and strictly controls the transfer of the rights and interests of toll roads.
　　On the basis of comprehensive consideration of the necessity, rationality and social endurance of the transfer, the state strictly restricts the transfer of government repayment roads into operational roads.
　　The transfer of rights and interests of toll roads shall comply with the provisions of relevant laws, regulations and rules, and shall follow the principles of openness, fairness, impartiality and good faith.
　　Article 5　The State Council transportation authorities are in charge of the transfer of the rights and interests of national toll roads. The development and reform department of the State Council and the competent financial department are responsible for the management of the transfer of rights and interests of toll roads according to their respective responsibilities.

Chapter II Conditions for Transfer of Rights and Interests of Toll Roads

　　Article 6　The highway that transfers the toll right shall conform to the technical grade and scale stipulated in Article 18 of the Toll Regulations.
　　Article 7　Under any of the following circumstances, the toll right in the rights and interests of toll roads shall not be transferred:
　　(1) Two-lane independent bridges and tunnels with a length of less than 1,000 meters;
　　(2) Secondary roads;
　　(3) The charging time has exceeded 2/3 of the approved charging period.
　　Article 8　The right to charge, the right to operate advertising and the right to operate service facilities of the same toll road project may be transferred together or separately.
　　Article 9　Transfer the rights and interests of toll roads, shall not have the following acts:
　　(1) dividing a legally approved toll road project into several sections to transfer the toll right;
　　(2) Bundling and transferring the rights and interests of toll roads with those of non-toll roads;
　　(3) The transferee has not completely inherited the responsibilities and obligations originally undertaken by the transferor to the government and the public;
　　(four) the rights and interests of the government’s repayment of loans are transferred to the enterprise legal person free of charge.
　　Article 10　The transfer of the rights and interests of toll roads that have not been paid off by international financial organizations or foreign governments shall be approved by the original examination and approval department for the use of foreign loans before applying for transfer examination and approval in accordance with relevant state regulations.
　　The transferee of the transfer of the rights and interests of toll roads shall, in accordance with the relevant provisions of the state on investment management, report the application report of investment projects to the competent investment department with corresponding management authority for approval before applying for transfer approval. When applying for approval, the contract for the transfer of rights and interests of toll roads shall be submitted at the same time.
　　Article 11　The transfer of highway toll right shall obtain the consent of the following interested parties:
　　(1) Creditors of the highway;
　　(2) The pledgee of the highway toll right;
　　(3) All investors of the highway;
　　(4) The person whose consent is required for transfer and retransfer as stipulated in the highway investment and construction contract and the contract for transferring the highway toll right.
　　Article 12　The transferee of highway toll right shall meet the following conditions:
　　(a) the financial situation is good, and the owner’s equity of the enterprise is not less than 35% of the actual cost of the transferee project;
　　(2) It has a good business reputation, and there are no major violations of laws and regulations in economic activities;
　　(3) Other conditions stipulated by laws and regulations.
　　When transferring the right to operate highway advertising and service facilities separately, the conditions that the transferee should meet shall be implemented in accordance with local laws and regulations of the provincial people’s government.
　　Article 13　To transfer the government’s right to charge for road repayment, you can apply to the provincial people’s government to extend the charging period, but the extension period shall not exceed 5 years, and the total accumulated charging period shall not exceed 20 years. The sum of the cumulative charging periods of the central and western provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government determined by the state for repayment of highways shall not exceed 25 years at the longest.
　　The transfer of the right to charge for operating roads shall not extend the charging period, and the total accumulated charging period shall not exceed 25 years. The sum of the cumulative toll collection periods of operating highways in central and western provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government determined by the state shall not exceed 30 years at the longest.
　　It is not allowed to raise the vehicle toll standard on the grounds of transferring the highway toll right.

Chapter III Procedures for Transfer of Rights and Interests of Toll Roads

　　Article 14　To transfer the right of highway toll collection, before going through the examination and approval of transfer, the transferor may first apply to the examination and approval authority for the transfer project.
　　To apply for the transfer of the project, the following materials need to be submitted:
　　(a) the general situation of the highway to which the toll right has been transferred, including the construction period of the highway, the technical level and scale, the source and amount of investment, the toll collection time, and the revenue and expenditure of the toll road in the last three years;
　　(2) The reason and purpose of the transfer;
　　(three) the investment of the income from the transfer of government loan repayment roads;
　　(four) the written opinions of the interested parties agreed to the transfer as stipulated in Article 11 of these Measures;
　　(five) the transfer of the rights and interests of toll roads that have not been paid off by international financial organizations or foreign governments, and the written consent of the original examination and approval department for the use of foreign loans;
　　(six) the provincial people’s government approved the collection of vehicle tolls;
　　(7) The accounting report of the previous year audited by an auditing organ or a qualified accounting firm;
　　(eight) the transfer of highway toll right for the first time, provide the final financial statements and completion audit report of the toll road;
　　(nine) the transfer of operating highway toll rights, provide the articles of association;
　　(ten) to transfer the right of highway toll collection again, and provide the original transfer agreement;
　　(eleven) other documents that the examination and approval authority deems necessary.
　　Article 15　After receiving the application for transfer of the project, the examination and approval authority shall conduct a preliminary examination on whether the charging right applied for transfer meets the transfer conditions, and issue a review opinion on the transfer of the project.
　　The review opinions of the transfer project can be used as the basis for the transferor to prove that the proposed highway toll right meets the transfer conditions when making preparatory work for the transfer.
　　The review opinions on the transfer project are valid for one year from the date of issuance.
　　Article 16　To transfer the toll right of the following toll roads, the transferor shall entrust a qualified asset appraisal institution to evaluate the value of the toll right:
　　(a) the government owing on the loan highway;
　　(2) Operating highways with financial capital investment;
　　(three) the use of state-owned capital investment roads.
　　The appraisal report issued by the asset appraisal institution is the basis for determining the lowest transaction price for the transfer of the toll right of the toll road specified in the preceding paragraph.
　　The transferor’s asset appraisal report issued by the asset appraisal institution shall be submitted to the relevant departments for approval or filing in accordance with the relevant state provisions on asset appraisal.
　　Article 17　Where the transferor evaluates the value of the charging right in accordance with the provisions of Article 16, it shall entrust an asset appraisal institution that meets the following conditions:
　　(1) Having the asset appraisal qualification as stipulated by laws and administrative regulations;
　　(2) The personnel of the appraisal institution have professional knowledge and experience suitable for the evaluation of the value of highway toll right;
　　(3) The appraisal institutions and personnel have not committed any violation in the past three years, and have no bad record of violation.
　　Article 18　When transferring the rights and interests of toll roads, the valuation method should adopt the present value method of income, and the income period involved should be agreed by the transferor and the asset appraisal institution within the approved charging period.
　　Article 19　The transfer of the rights and interests of the government’s repayment of highway tolls and the rights and interests of operating highway tolls with financial capital investment shall be conducted by public bidding, and the transferee shall be selected fairly, justly and openly.
　　Article 20　The bidding activities for the transfer of the rights and interests of toll roads shall strictly implement the relevant provisions such as the Bidding Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC).
　　The transportation department of the provincial people’s government is responsible for the supervision and management of the whole process of bidding for the transfer of rights and interests of toll roads. The development and reform department and the competent financial department of the provincial people’s government shall be responsible for the supervision of bidding activities according to their respective responsibilities.
　　Article 21　Where the rights and interests of toll roads are transferred by tender, the transferor shall issue a tender announcement through newspapers, information networks or other media designated by the state. The announcement period shall not be less than 20 days.
　　Article 22　Where the rights and interests of government repayment roads are transferred and the rights and interests of operating roads with financial capital investment and state-owned capital investment are used for bidding, a reserve price bidding shall be implemented. Among them, the reserve price of the transfer of the right to charge shall not be lower than the evaluation price of the value of the right to charge approved or confirmed by the relevant departments.
　　Article 23　The transferor shall prepare the tender documents according to law. The tender documents shall include the following contents:
　　(a) the basic situation of the project subject to tender, including the project construction period, opening time, technical level and scale, investment sources and investment amount, income and expenditure in recent years, etc.;
　　(two) the transferee shall have the conditions and relevant qualifications and credit requirements. When transferring the rights and interests of government repayment roads and operating roads with financial capital investment, the transferee shall be required to promise that the established highway management enterprises will not provide external guarantees, including providing any form of guarantee for the transferee’s debts and will not bear the transferee’s debts;
　　(3) The rights and obligations of the transferee;
　　(4) The payment form, term (no longer than 6 months after the contract comes into effect) and guarantee requirements of the transfer money;
　　(5) Requirements for highway maintenance, greening and soil and water conservation during the operation period;
　　(six) the procedures for dissolution and liquidation after the end of the operation, and the standards for highways and highway ancillary facilities and service facilities when the rights and interests of highways are transferred;
　　(seven) the conditions for the bankruptcy, termination and dissolution of the transfer agreement of the transferee or the highway operation enterprise established by it;
　　(eight) the conditions for the government to terminate the agreement on the transfer of rights and interests of toll roads;
　　(nine) the requirements for the preparation of bidding documents and their delivery methods, places and deadlines;
　　(ten) the place of bid opening and the time arrangement of bid opening and bid evaluation;
　　(eleven) evaluation criteria, evaluation methods, evaluation procedures, and factors to determine the waste target;
　　(twelve) the main terms of the signed transfer contract;
　　(thirteen) the employee placement plan;
　　(14) A scheme for handling creditor’s rights and debts;
　　(fifteen) other issues that need to be explained.
　　Article 24　After the transferee is determined, the transferor and the transferee shall conclude a contract for the transfer of rights and interests of toll roads according to law.
　　The transfer contract shall include the following clauses:
　　(1) Names and domiciles of the transferor and transferee;
　　(2) The name and business content of the project;
　　(3) Business scope and transfer period;
　　(four) the transfer price and the time (not more than 6 months after the contract comes into effect) and method of payment;
　　(5) Matters related to asset delivery;
　　(6) The employee placement plan involved by the transferor;
　　(seven) the rights and obligations of the transferor;
　　(eight) the rights and obligations of the transferee;
　　(nine) highway maintenance and service quality assurance measures (including the establishment of maintenance deposit, etc.);
　　(10) Responsibility for business risks;
　　(eleven) highway maintenance responsibility;
　　(twelve) the way and time of highway handover;
　　(thirteen) the way to solve the dispute;
　　(fourteen) the parties’ liability for breach of contract;
　　(15) Conditions for the alteration and dissolution of the contract;
　　(sixteen) the ownership and transfer of highway toll right after the expiration of the transfer contract;
　　(17) Other terms deemed necessary by both parties.
　　Article 25　The contract for the transfer of highway toll rights and interests shall take effect from the date of approval of the transfer of highway toll rights.
　　Article 26　The transfer of the toll right of national highways (including national trunk lines and national expressway network projects, the same below) shall be approved by the competent department of transportation of the State Council. The transfer of other highway toll rights other than the national highway shall be approved by the provincial transportation department and reported to the provincial people’s government for approval.
　　The merger and transfer of highway advertising management right, service facility management right and highway toll right shall be approved by the examination and approval authority with the authority to examine and approve highway toll right.
　　The examination and approval of the separate transfer of the right to operate highway advertising and service facilities shall be carried out in accordance with local regulations and the rules of the provincial people’s government.
　　Article 27　To apply for the transfer of highway toll right, the transferor shall submit the application documents to the examination and approval authority, which shall include:
　　(1) Where an application for project establishment has been filed, the examination opinions on project establishment transfer shall be submitted; If an application for project establishment has not been submitted, relevant materials specified in Article 14 shall be submitted;
　　(two) the relevant materials and asset appraisal report approval or filing documents for the valuation of the charging right in accordance with the provisions in the early stage of the transfer;
　　(three) the bidding situation in the early stage of the transfer and the determination of the transferee;
　　(4) A copy of the transferee’s accounting report for the previous year and the transferee’s legal person business license issued by the auditing department or accounting firm;
　　(five) the relevant procedures and written consent in accordance with the provisions of article tenth;
　　(six) the specific investment of the transfer income;
　　(seven) the management of highway toll rights and interests;
　　(eight) the transfer contract of highway toll rights signed by the transferor and the transferee;
　　(nine) other documents that the examination and approval authority deems necessary.
　　Article 28　The examination and approval authority shall, in accordance with the requirements of the Administrative Licensing Law and relevant regulations, handle the examination and approval of the transfer of highway toll right.
　　When examining the application for the transfer of rights and interests of toll roads, the examination and approval authorities shall comprehensively consider the factors that safeguard national interests and social public interests.
　　If it agrees to transfer the right of highway toll collection, the examination and approval authority shall issue an approval document for the transfer of highway toll collection right.
　　Article 29　If the people’s government at the provincial level approves the transfer of highway toll right, the transferor shall, within 30 days from the date of approval, report the examination opinions of the provincial transportation authorities, the approval documents of the provincial people’s government and the transfer contract to the the State Council transportation authorities for the record.
　　Article 30　The State Council transportation authorities shall, within 30 days from the date of approval of the transfer of highway toll right, send a copy of the approval document to the competent department of development and reform of the State Council and the competent department of finance.
　　Article 31　The transferor shall be responsible for the authenticity and legality of the application materials submitted.

Chapter IV Management of the Use of Transfer Income

　　Article 32　The income from the transfer of the government’s rights and interests in repaying loans on highways shall be used for highway construction except for repayment of highway construction loans and paid fund-raising. No unit may use the income from the transfer of the rights and interests of the government’s repayment of loans for projects other than highway construction.
　　The part of the income obtained from the transfer of the rights and interests of operating highways with financial capital investment corresponding to the share of financial capital investment is mainly used for highway construction except for repayment of highway construction loans.
　　Article 33　The income from the transfer of all the rights and interests of operating roads invested by social funds shall be determined by the investors themselves.
　　The relevant state departments should encourage investors to continue to invest this part of their income in highway construction projects.
　　Article 34　The income obtained from the transfer of the rights and interests of government repayment roads and the rights and interests of operating roads with financial capital investment shall be included in the budget management. The transferor shall, within 3 working days after obtaining the above-mentioned transfer income, turn it over to the finance according to the prescribed budget levels. The implementation of non tax revenue collection management system reform, in accordance with the relevant provisions of the reform. The competent financial department shall incorporate the transfer income into the fiscal revenue and expenditure budget of the current year, and the funds shall be allocated in accordance with the relevant provisions of the fiscal treasury management system.

Chapter V Follow-up Management and Recovery of Rights and Interests Transfer of Toll Roads

　　Article 35　The transferee has the rights and interests of highway toll collection within the transfer period according to law, and the ownership of the highway and highway ancillary facilities transferred with the rights and interests of toll roads is still owned by the state.
　　Article 36　Upon the expiration of the transfer period stipulated in the toll road rights transfer contract, the roads, highway ancillary facilities and service facilities that transfer the toll road rights should be in good technical condition, recovered by the state free of charge, and managed by the transportation authorities.
　　If the transfer period of the rights and interests of the toll road is not full, and the state recovers the transferred rights and interests of the toll road in advance due to social and public interests, the competent transportation department that receives the rights and interests of the toll road shall compensate the transferee according to law. The maximum compensation is calculated and determined according to the proportion of the original transfer price and the period of early recovery to the original approved transfer period.
　　Article 37　After the transfer of the rights and interests of the toll road, the responsibilities of the road administration shall still be exercised by the agencies and personnel of the transportation departments of the local people’s governments at or above the county level or the highway management agencies.
　　Article 38　After the transferee obtains the rights and interests of the toll road in accordance with the law, the legally established highway management enterprise shall, in accordance with the standards and specifications stipulated by the state, do a good job in highway maintenance management, greening and soil and water conservation within the scope of highway land use, and carry out daily inspection, testing and maintenance of the toll road and facilities along it to ensure that the toll road is in a good technical state.
　　Highway management enterprises shall, according to the requirements of the competent department of transportation, provide regular inspection reports on highway technical conditions.
　　Article 39　Highway management enterprises shall accept the industry management of the transportation departments of the State Council and the people’s governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government, implement network charging as required, and abide by other unified requirements of the road network, and provide statistical data and relevant business conditions in a timely manner.
　　Article 40　After the transfer of the rights and interests of toll roads, the competent transportation departments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government shall supervise and inspect the toll management and maintenance of the toll roads.
　　Six months before the expiration of the transfer period stipulated in the contract for the transfer of the rights and interests of toll roads, the competent transportation departments of the people’s governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government shall identify and accept the toll roads that have transferred their rights and interests. After identification and acceptance, if the highway meets the technical grade and standard approved at the time of transfer of the rights and interests of toll roads, the highway management enterprise may, in accordance with the relevant provisions of the state, go through the formalities of highway transfer to the competent transportation department at the expiration of the transfer period; Do not meet the technical level and standards approved when transferring the rights and interests of toll roads, highway management enterprises shall carry out maintenance within the time limit determined by the competent department of transportation, and only after meeting the requirements can they go through the formalities of highway handover in accordance with the regulations. If the transfer period fails to meet the requirements, the competent transportation department shall take back the right of highway toll collection, go through the formalities of highway handover, and designate other units to carry out maintenance, and the maintenance costs shall be borne by the original highway operation enterprises.

Chapter VI Legal Liability

　　Article 41　In violation of the provisions of these measures, unauthorized approval of the transfer of rights and interests of toll roads shall be investigated and dealt with in accordance with the provisions of Article 47 of the Toll Regulations.
　　Article 42　In violation of the provisions of article ninth of these measures, the competent department of transportation of the State Council or the provincial competent department of transportation shall be ordered to make corrections according to their functions and powers; The responsible person in charge and other directly responsible personnel shall be given administrative sanctions according to law; If a crime is constituted, criminal responsibility shall be investigated according to law.
　　Article 43　In violation of the provisions of these measures, the transferor shall select the transferee through bidding without bidding, or the procedures and contents of bidding do not conform to the provisions of these measures, and shall be investigated and dealt with in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Bidding Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC).
　　Article 44　In violation of the provisions of these measures, social intermediary institutions resort to deceit when auditing or evaluating the toll road rights transfer project, or the accounting report and evaluation report issued by them are seriously untrue, and according to the seriousness of the case, the relevant institutions shall punish them in accordance with the provisions of relevant national laws and regulations.
　　Article 45　In violation of the provisions of these measures, one of the following acts shall be investigated and dealt with in accordance with the provisions of Article 52 of the Regulations on Charges:
　　(1) The transferor fails to pay the full amount of the income corresponding to the share of financial capital investment in the income from the transfer of the rights and interests of the government’s loan repayment highway and the income from the transfer of the rights and interests of the operating highway with financial capital investment;
　　(II) The transportation department and the financial department will not use the income corresponding to the share of financial capital investment in the income from the transfer of the rights and interests of the government’s loan repayment highway and the rights and interests of the operating highway with financial capital investment for repayment of loans or paid fund-raising and for highway construction, and will use the transfer income for other purposes.
　　Article 46　In violation of the provisions of these measures, the transferee fails to fulfill the obligations of soil and water conservation within the scope of highway maintenance, greening and highway land use, and shall be investigated and dealt with in accordance with the provisions of Articles 54 and 55 of the Charge Regulations.
　　Article 47　In violation of the provisions of these measures, the examination and approval authority and its staff in any of the following circumstances shall be investigated and dealt with in accordance with the provisions of Articles 72 and 74 of the People’s Republic of China (PRC) Administrative Licensing Law:
　　(a) the examination and approval opinions are not issued within the time limit prescribed in these Measures;
　　(two) the application for the transfer of rights and interests of toll roads that do not meet the statutory conditions and procedures is approved, or the application is approved beyond the statutory authority;
　　(three) in the process of acceptance and examination, the transferor was not informed of all the contents that must be supplemented at one time.
　　Article 48　In the process of examining and approving the transfer of the rights and interests of toll roads, the staff of the examination and approval authorities ask for or accept other people’s property or seek other benefits, and shall be investigated and dealt with in accordance with the provisions of Article 73 of the Administrative Licensing Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC).

Chapter VII Supplementary Provisions

　　Article 49　The time limit stipulated in these Measures shall be calculated in working days, excluding legal holidays.
　　Article 50　These Measures shall come into force as of October 1, 2008. On October 9, 1996, the Ministry of Communications issued the Measures for the Administration of Paid Transfer of Highway Management Rights by Decree No.9 of the Ministry of Communications, which shall be abolished at the same time.

　　Guests who do not need to provide ID cards, face recognition or even register any information … … This kind of "three no-net appointments" can be described as frequent chaos.

　　The so-called "online room appointment" has the characteristics of online room selection, electronic payment, password unlocking, no need to meet, and high cost performance. A few days ago, the reporter of China Youth Daily and China Youth Network investigated in Guangzhou, Guangdong, Nantong, Jiangsu and other places, and found that with the rapid development of "online booking room" in the past two years, there are loopholes in the supervision of "online booking room", and it is impossible to implement the "four realities" system such as real name, real number, real time and facts. In addition, without effective supervision, "online appointment rooms" can easily breed illegal crimes. In addition to public security, problems such as fire control and sanitation have also become hidden dangers behind the rapid development of "online booking rooms".

　　Does "self-check-in" mean that registration is not required?

　　Open the life software such as Meituan, and the reporter of Zhongqingbao Zhongqingwang clicks to enter the "Hotel B&B" page. After checking the "B&B" option, a large number of houses come into view. What makes people feel strange is that, unlike the interface of hotel reservation, "online booking room" usually does not display information such as the name of the merchant in an obvious position.

　　"Exclusive whole house, 1 room, 1 bed, 2 people" and "2 rooms, 4 people" are the most eye-catching slogans of "online booking room" when it is sold online. In Panyu District, Guangzhou, the reporter randomly opened Meituan software, and searched the webpage information in a sales page called "Baby B&B". The reporter only knew that the B&B was located near Guangzhou South Railway Station. The specific address, house number and other information is vague. After paying 245 yuan, the software displays "Booking Successful".

　　Within a few minutes, the reporter received a text message on his mobile phone. "Online booking room" merchants inform the specific location, house number, electronic lock password and other information of the room through SMS. According to the information provided by the owner, the reporter went to Vanke Huibo Commercial Center near Guangzhou South Railway Station.

　　The reporter found that there was no sign clearly marked "B&B" or "online booking room" in the commercial center. The so-called "online booking room" is the apartment of the commercial center. Within a whole floor, more than 20 rooms are lined up in turn. The room number is marked on the light wooden door. Although it looks like a hotel, this "hotel" has no front desk.

　　After checking in, the reporter searched several times before finding the cleaning staff of the "hotel" in the corridor. After asking whether it is necessary to provide identity documents, Auntie stressed that her job is sanitation and cleaning, as long as she has successfully checked in.

　　The reporter found that the room not only provides washing machines and other equipment, but also has a pool and a console for customers to cook. This is also convenient for customers to stay here for a long time. Until the check-out, the store owner never showed up and the phone never got through.

　　In the check-in instructions of Meituan platform, the store has always emphasized self-service check-in and real-name registration, and reminded customers to "bring their ID cards to facilitate the check-in registration with the landlord". But in the actual operation, the check-in registration disappeared.

　　Unexpectedly, the reporter did not fill in my ID card information when booking on the online platform. Before and after the check-in, no staff member asked to register identity information. After checking out, I didn’t ask for supplementary registration identity information.

　　Coincidentally, in October this year, the reporter found a similar situation when investigating and interviewing in Nantong City, Jiangsu Province. This time, the reporter chose to order a "network appointment room" in Gaode map software. After paying 130 yuan, the reporter received a short message instantly. The message asked the reporter to make a phone call after arriving at the address provided by the message.

　　After arriving at the designated place, the reporter found that this floor is almost all "online booking rooms". A QR code with real name registration will be posted on the door of every room. When scanning the QR code, you need to fill in your real name and ID number, and after face recognition and authentication, you can swipe your registered ID card to check in.

　　There are still loopholes in the seemingly compliant "self-check-in" method. There is no front desk in the "online appointment room", and the boss is contacted by WeChat and telephone. The owner of the shop did not show up from beginning to end.

　　When scanning the QR code to fill in the information, "Add a roommate" is also one of the columns. However, after the reporter chose "no registration", he also successfully completed the registration and successfully checked in. This also means that no matter who customers bring or how many people they bring, there will be no relevant personnel to verify their identity and manage them on the spot.

　　Stick to the bottom line of protecting the safety of minors

　　According to public information, the prosecutor of Linping District Procuratorate in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province recently handled a case about "online booking room". After 00, the boy Li Wei (pseudonym) dropped out of school at home after graduating from junior high school. Later, he was suspected of stealing a battery car and was criminally filed and released on bail pending trial.

　　What the prosecutor didn’t expect was that Li Wei disappeared during the bail pending trial. After investigation, the prosecutor found that Li Wei was actually smoking "e-cigarettes on his head" in the "online appointment room". Li Wei didn’t get a room. The "online booking room" was booked by a drug addict.

　　From July to October, 2021, this "online appointment room" became a fixed place for drug addicts to gather to smoke "electronic cigarettes" containing synthetic cannabinoids. Encouraged and seduced by others, Li Wei also began to smoke "e-cigarettes on his head".

　　In August this year, Nantong police found in their work that Zhu, the operator of a "online booking room" in Nantong city, did not register his real name when he received minors, nor did he comply with the "five musts" requirement for minors to stay. According to the provisions of the Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) on Public Security Administration Punishment and the Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) on the Protection of Minors, the public security organs punished Zhu for his illegal reception of minors.

　　In June, 2021, the Ministry of Public Security put forward the "five musts" requirements around the key links of hotel reception of minors, such as check-in registration, check-in inquiry and suspicious situation report: the identity of minors must be checked and registered truthfully; The contact information of parents or other guardians of minors must be asked and recorded for the record; Must ask about the identity relationship of the people living together and record it for the record; We must strengthen safety inspection and visitor management to prevent illegal infringement on minors; Suspicious cases must be reported to the public security organs immediately, and parents or other guardians of minors should be contacted in time, and corresponding safety protection measures should be taken at the same time.

　　In the rapid expansion of "online booking rooms", homestays and e-sports hotels, there are many security and fire hazards, which are likely to lead to conflicts and disputes. In this regard, Nantong Public Security Bureau took the lead in formulating "Guiding Opinions on Regulating Public Security Management of New Accommodation Types (Trial)" in Jiangsu Province last year, strengthening supervision through "three realities and five musts", keeping the safety bottom line firmly, promoting the healthy and orderly development of the industry, and safeguarding the legitimate rights and interests of accommodation personnel and operators.

　　In this summer’s special rectification, Nantong’s public security organs arranged a total of 7,485 online rooms and 44 e-sports hotels, conducted publicity and education for 12,562 employees through online reminders, offline interviews and signing letters of responsibility for public security and safety, handled 55 cases of irregular business, and arrested 121 suspects through investigation, which greatly purified the operating order of new accommodation formats and effectively ensured the safety of minors.

　　Chen Lei, deputy detachment leader of the Public Security Detachment of Nantong Public Security Bureau, said that at present, there are five kinds of situations in which minors stay in accommodation owners: First, minors are brought to the accommodation industry by the opposite sex in a state of drunkenness; Second, minors meet with heterosexual netizens privately and stay in the accommodation industry; Third, minors run away from home or don’t go to school on time, and go to the accommodation industry alone; Fourth, many minors stay in e-sports hotels or online booking rooms that can provide computer internet access environment and play games for a long time; Fifth, a number of minor men and women live together in the accommodation industry.

　　Nantong police reminded that operators, employees and parents of the accommodation industry should earnestly enhance the awareness of minors’ protection, find suspicious situations, report them to the public security organs in time, and jointly build a good social environment for caring for and protecting minors.

　　In order to make the "online booking room" a "sunshine room", the police in Changzhou City, Jiangsu Province have done a lot of work. In March of this year, Changzhou police took the lead in implementing the "Detailed Rules for the Administration of Public Security in Changzhou Online Rooms (Trial)" in Jiangsu Province, and incorporated online rooms into the management of special industries.

　　Especially for minors staying in "online booking rooms", Changzhou police require all stores to strictly implement the "five musts" system.

　　Bluetooth door opening, face recognition … … "Self-check-in" has also become safe and efficient. Li Jun, the captain of the Second Brigade of the Public Security Detachment of Changzhou Public Security Bureau, said that after several rounds of arranging, more than 2,000 "online appointment rooms" were identified in Changzhou. These operators should not only achieve "people’s identity", but also have safety facilities such as escape masks, smoke detectors and fire extinguishers.

　　Changzhou police adopt "red, yellow and green" color separation management according to the housing situation, and most rooms are given green signs representing "qualified". Under strict supervision, in April this year, Changzhou police dug up a "money laundering convoy" to help telecom network fraud gangs withdraw money from various places through in-depth research on the management module of "network appointment room", and arrested 17 suspects in one fell swoop. Among them, the police arrested six suspects only in the "online appointment room".

　　Let the "network appointment room" get rid of the "public security depression" as soon as possible.

　　Article 57 of the Law on the Protection of Minors clearly stipulates that when hotels, guesthouses, hotels and other accommodation operators receive minors, or receive minors and adults to live together, they should ask their parents or other guardians the contact information, the identity relationship of the residents and other relevant information; Anyone who is found to be suspected of violating the law and crime shall immediately report to the public security organ and contact the parents or other guardians of minors in time.

　　Jiang Ting, the procurator of the People’s Procuratorate of suyu district City, Suqian City, has been studying the related issues of "online booking room" for a long time. Jiang Ting said that in practice, some "online booking rooms" may not have been reported to the public security organs. While the emerging business forms are booming, there are loopholes and security risks in the unregistered "online appointment room".

　　Jiang Ting said frankly that even the "online appointment room" that has been reported has irregularities and illegal acts such as accommodating minors without the permission of guardians. The current punishment measures are still in accordance with the relevant provisions of Article 56 of the Law on Public Security Administration Punishment.

　　In reality, fines above 200 yuan and below 500 yuan are obviously not enough deterrent for these operators.

　　Jiang Ting said that in judicial practice, there is a blind spot in the supervision of "online appointment rooms". The threshold for "online booking room" merchants to settle in major platforms is very low. The major platforms hardly screen the information about the qualifications, business licenses and housing types of online booking operators. This makes the "network appointment room" have security risks such as the actual situation does not match the picture.

　　Jiang Ting suggested that the development of emerging formats is a concrete manifestation of the sound and upward development of the economy, which has injected a lot of vitality into high-quality development. Therefore, relevant departments should guide the orderly and healthy development of emerging formats. Relevant departments should also promote the legislative work on "online contract housing", improve the current shortcomings, and make online contract housing get rid of "public security depression" as soon as possible and become greener and more sunny. (Zhongqing Daily, Zhongqing.com reporter Li Chao Intern You Qiang Lu)

Children’s clothing contaminated by adults trying on it.

　　Recently, the news that "Uniqlo forbids adults to try on children’s clothes" was posted on the hot search. According to a survey conducted by Chengdu Business Daily-Red Star journalists, this incident originated from the fact that a large number of adult women recently tried on children’s clothes in Uniqlo, ZARA and other stores, and then posted photos of themselves on the Internet.

　　A staff member of Uniqlo said that Uniqlo introduced children’s clothes in size 160 long ago, in order to make them available to some petite girls. However, since the new products came on the market this spring, a large number of female customers have tried on children’s clothes much smaller than themselves. "Girls with a height of about 170cm go to the fitting room with children’s clothes of size 120, and directly stretch the clothes, and the clothes can only be scrapped … … And parents may mind trying on their children after knowing this kind of thing. "

　　Phenomenon: adults try on children’s clothes and print pictures online.

　　Recently, a large number of photos of adult women drying themselves trying on children’s clothes in Uniqlo, ZARA and other stores have appeared on online platforms such as Xiaohongshu and Weibo. According to some bloggers, adults try on children’s clothes because of the popular "BM style". BM style comes from an Italian brand — — Brandy Melville, some tops of this brand are short, delicate and tight.

　　As you can see on the online platform, people have been drying photos of themselves wearing children’s clothes since last year. Some photos were taken in the fitting room, and some bloggers claimed to wear them after buying them. Some bloggers with tens of thousands of fans introduced in the video, "The children’s wear style is very powerful recently. In fact, everyone wants to wear the same girlish style as BM when buying children’s wear. Some children’s clothes from Uniqlo are very cute, so I will buy some and wear them with my son. "

　　The reporter consulted a blogger who posted photos of wearing children’s clothes on the Internet. The video showed that she changed her children’s clothes after comparing the size gap between children’s clothes and her adult clothes in the fitting room of Uniqlo. She said that she is 160cm tall and weighs 50kg, and she is not thin. The children’s clothes of size 150 she wore were tried on with the consent of the shop assistant.

　　When the reporter asked if this product was comfortable, she said, "It’s definitely not as comfortable as adults’ clothes, but the size 150 is quite large." When the reporter asked if she bought the product, she said she didn’t, because the sleeves were too short. "In some places, you can try any size, and in some places, adults can only wear size 150."

　　Shop assistant: An adult tried on 10 children’s clothes.

　　Regarding whether Uniqlo will prohibit adults from trying on children’s clothes under size 160, the reporter called a number of Uniqlo stores in Shanghai and Chengdu. Some store staff said that they would not prohibit customers from trying on children’s clothes and would not give suggestions. Some stores said that they would advise taller customers not to wear children’s clothes of size 120 and 130.

　　Mr. Lin, who works in a Uniqlo, said that Uniqlo introduced children’s clothes in size 160 long ago, in order to make them available to some petite girls. However, since the new products came on the market this spring, a large number of female customers tried on them with children’s clothes much smaller than their own sizes. "Now we are all used to it." When the reporter asked them if they would remind them when they saw customers holding clothes with sizes different from their bodies and wanted to try them on, Mr. Lin said that he was afraid to remind them because he was afraid that customers would complain.

　　The reporter visited a Uniqlo in Chengdu and saw obvious brown stains on the neckline of a 110-size white children’s wear. The clerk said that this kind of children’s clothing is the kind that adults have tried. There have been many similar situations recently. Too many people try it on and many clothes will get dirty. Another Uniqlo clerk in Chengdu said that many people did come to try it on recently. She is also curious why so many people have come to try it on recently. "Maybe I saw someone drying on the Internet and wanted to come and experience the feeling of online celebrity."

　　The above-mentioned clerk recalled that some customers would take one for each size from 110 to 160 in order to try out the clothes that looked the closest to them. Girls with a height of about 170cm go to the fitting room with children’s clothes of size 120, and directly support the clothes, which can only be scrapped. What impressed her most was that a customer took 10 children’s clothes of different styles and colors, sizes 130 and 140, and wanted to try them on, but was stopped by the clerk. "Children are sensitive to some bacteria. There are lipstick and foundation on the neckline. We can only use dry cleaning agents to wash them. If they can’t be washed, they will be sold as B products. And parents may mind trying on their children after knowing this kind of thing. " The clerk said.

　　Company: it is not prohibited, but it is recommended to try it on in the right size.

　　A netizen once argued with adults who tried on children’s clothes in Little Red Book. "My daughter wore children’s clothes of size 110 when she was four years old. My daughter was a slightly thinner child below the average weight, and she didn’t feel very loose in it, but just comfortable. I don’t quite understand how people who are 164cm tall wear children’s clothes of size 110. " The netizen said that after they had an argument, they were reported and were forbidden to reply to messages in the comment area.

　　"I just started to use the little red book recently. I don’t know why I recommended children’s clothes as soon as I went in. One in ten pushed adults to wear children’s clothes. I think it is normal for some petite girls to buy sizes 140 and 150, but there is something wrong with size 110. " Then she measured her daughter’s size 110 children’s clothes, and measured the chest circumference of the clothes and found that it was only 62cm. She is 168cm tall and weighs 48kg. She also tried on her daughter’s size 110 children’s clothes herself. "I really feel almost suffocated."

　　According to the above-mentioned netizens, some parents around her reported "disgusting" after seeing this kind of thing. "Everyone likes BM style, so buy this style of clothes. Don’t try on children’s clothes casually."

　　On March 3, Uniqlo officially replied to the reporter that Uniqlo respects the needs of consumers to try on clothes and does not stipulate that adults can’t try on children’s clothes. "Consumers can choose, try on or buy clothes according to their own needs and preferences. However, in order to avoid affecting other consumers’ buying experience or damaging the quality of clothes due to trying on, Uniqlo advises consumers to choose clothes of suitable size for trying on according to their own situation, while maintaining the hygiene and integrity of clothes during trying on, and taking care of clothes together. " Uniqlo said in response. (Chengdu Business Daily-Red Star Journalist Guo Yimeng Lan Wei)

??1905 movie network news In the summer of 2015, the box office in the mainland exceeded 12.4 billion, 3.2 billion more than the 9.2 billion in the same period last year, achieving a growth state for three consecutive years, but this year’s growth rate is less than 35%, far lower than the growth rate of 53.3% last year. This summer, three domestic films were very eye-catching, that is,, and, the combined box office of the three films during the summer file was close to 4.5 billion, driving the box office in July to reach 5.49 billion, setting a record high.

The record of 92 days, 12.4 billion yuan, one month, one week and one day in the summer file has been broken.

From 2011 to 2014, the box office of the summer movie market in mainland China was 4.1 billion, 4.2 billion, 6 billion and 9.2 billion respectively. Except for 2012, there was almost no growth, and it increased steadily every year thereafter. This year, from June 1 to August 31, the market took in 12.4 billion box office in 92 days, with an average of at least 130 million every day. Unfortunately, this year’s summer box office distribution is extremely uneven. The box office blew out in July, and the performance in June and August was not good enough. Therefore, the overall box office growth rate was only 34.78%, far lower than last year’s 53.3%, and even worse than 2013′ s 42.85%.

In June and August, the mainland box office was 3.35 billion and 3.58 billion respectively, while in July, it contributed 5.49 billion, accounting for 44% of the whole summer file, setting a new record for the single-month box office in mainland film history. In the third week of July, that is, the 29th week of this year, the box office in a single week reached 1.78 billion, breaking the box office record of 1.5 billion weeks set by the Spring Festival this year. On Saturday, July 18th, that week, the market swept away 435 million yuan in a single day, exceeding the record of 383 million yuan brought by the opening of paintings on April 12th. So far, the monthly, weekly and single-day box office records in the history of mainland film have been broken in this July. Moreover, from July 9, the single-day performance of the market stood at a high point of 100 million yuan, which lasted for 25 days until August 2, and the time was unprecedented.

19 films with box office exceeding 100 million in summer 2015: (Statistics as of August 31st)

19 movies have a box office of over 100 million, and the domestic big three have propped up the summer file.

In this summer’s file, a total of 19 films have grossed more than 100 million yuan, of which only 4 are imported, and 15 are domestically produced. Among the top four films in the summer box office list, except the runner-up was taken away by imported films, the champion and the third and fourth films were all made in China. These three films have always been called the "Big Three of Summer Files", and they almost propped up the whole schedule, namely monster hunt, Pancake Man and Return of the Great Sage on the Journey to the West.

"monster hunt" was not shown first, and almost everyone knew about the remake, so the investment amount was as high as 350 million. After its release on July 16th, it immediately set off a movie-watching craze, with a double harvest of word-of-mouth and box office. The first day was 172 million, the highest was 183 million, the first four days was 670 million, the fastest was 200 million, and the fastest was 300 million … … Monster hunt has set all box office records for Chinese films, and surpassed them in less than 11 days, becoming the highest-grossing Chinese film in mainland film history. Then, without any doubt, it surpassed, and became the runner-up in the box office list of mainland film history. As of the evening of August 31st, monster hunt was released for 47 days, with a cumulative box office of 2.39 billion, which is still more than 30 million short of Speed and furious 7, the highest box office in mainland film history.

Pancake Man was released one day later than monster hunt, with a box office of 140 million yuan on the first day and 430 million yuan in the first three days. So far, it still maintains the box office record of Chinese 2D movies. The film has been released for 46 days, and its box office has exceeded 1.155 billion, ranking fourth in the history of Chinese films. Although the validity period of the key has been extended to September 20, the single-day box office of the film has fallen below one million at present, and there is little room for future growth, so it is difficult to go up a storey still higher. Pancake Man originated from the online drama diors man, with an investment cost of only tens of millions. Now it has won more than 1 billion box office, which is definitely a great success for director and starring Dapeng. Moreover, Pancake Man and monster hunt complement each other, and the two films appeared almost at the same time, which led to the popularity of the film market, so that the single-day box office in the mainland reached 435 million in one fell swoop on July 18.

Among the three giants, monster hunt is a typical type of family fun, while Pancake Man is a comedy of diaosi, and its popularity has its own reasons. However, the popularity of the third film The Return of the Great Sage on a Journey to the West is beyond many people’s expectations. As a movie with a box office of only 17.8 million, there is no possibility of blowout just from the box office figures. However, with its good reputation, this drama completely subverts people’s prejudice against domestic cartoons, and the box office rose against the trend in a single day, which not only defeated two popular youth films in the same period, but also set a new one-day record for cartoons with a box office of 65.3 million yuan, and successively surpassed the series of Bears, topping the cartoon box office. Moreover, "The Return of the Great Sage of Journey to the West" can still earn 12.9 million yuan in the eighth week, which exceeds many new films, showing its stamina.

Imported film, ice and fire, two blockbusters, head-to-tail response, fierce gold absorption

Different from domestic films that shine brilliantly in this summer file, imported films are only a flash in the pan, subject to objective factors, and the overall performance is not good.

The first half of June has always been the world of imported films, and "Jurassic World" was released one after another, dominating the film market. The former won 625 million yuan, making a steady profit without losing money, while the latter started the whale swallowing mode. "Jurassic World" was released on June 10th, achieving the third consecutive title in the weekly box office list, which made the summer file warm up, and the weekly box office reached a high of 900 million. The final box office of the film was fixed at 1.422 billion, ranking fifth in the mainland film history.

After "Jurassic World", there was no imported strong film released in July, until August 23rd, when it met the mainland audience. Even though the film’s box office in North America has not exceeded 100 million US dollars, it has not affected Schwarzenegger’s influence in the mainland at all. After 9 days of release, the cumulative box office has reached 547 million, ranking seventh in the summer box office list.

Except for the three imported films mentioned above, which made money in June and August, all the other imported films can escape the fate of box office fiasco. The box office released on June 19 was the lowest, only 1.3 million; The Russian cartoon released on August 3 is also very miserable, with a box office just over 4 million; There are two films with slightly better results: and, but both of them stop at 55 million.

Youth films are no longer brilliant, and veteran directors are hard to win the favor of the market.

In fact, not every domestic film can gain market recognition in this summer file. There are still several films that are fierce in propaganda and high in popularity, but they can’t deceive the eyes of the audience after all, and they are swearing.

Two years ago, Jing M.Guo became a director for the first time, and put his famous novel on the big screen, which became a hot topic. His first song was also a great success at the box office of 488 million. However, the higher box office can’t hide the film’s defects in quality, so that the second film released a month later only got 295 million box office. On July 9th this year, the last film of Tiny Times series was released, with a box office of over 100 million on the first day, but immediately after the first weekend, it handed over the single-day box office champion. After a week of release, the single-day box office shrank by 90% rapidly, which is very rare. In the end, the box office was fixed at 488 million.

Similar to Jing M.Guo’s film, He Jiong’s directorial debut "Gardenia Blossoms" was originally expected, but the plot was too bad, and it died after a week of release, with a cumulative box office of 379 million.

Tiny Times 4: The End of the Soul and Gardenia Blossom both earned at least 300-400 million box office, but John Woo’s was even more miserable. The painting started on July 30th, and the final box office was only 52 million, and the highest number of films in 20 major cities in China was only 12%. Even though the bosses of several film companies expressed their support for the film, they failed to change the tragic fate.

Author: Wang Xingguo

Director of Nutrition Department of Dalian Central Hospital/headline signing author

Director of Liaoning Nutrition Society, executive vice chairman of Dalian Nutrition Society, professional skill appraisal expert of public dietitians in Liaoning Province, member of Clinical Nutrition Branch of Dalian Medical Association, and expert consultant of China Clinical Nutrition Network.

This article is taken from teacher Wang Xingguo’s new book, Encyclopedia of Nutrition for Middle-aged and Old People.

China Clinical Nutrition Network has been authorized to publish.

Nowadays, more and more people eat nutritional supplements (health food). According to a survey of more than 36,000 people conducted by the Nutrition Society of China in 2017, 30.50% of adult residents have bought nutrient supplement products, 54.85% have eaten them, and the consumption rate of the elderly is even higher. At the same time, there are also many criticisms that eating nutrient supplements is ineffective and even harmful to health. So, should nutrient supplements be eaten and how should they be eaten?

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01

Nutrient supplements are available, but they should not be abused.

Generally speaking, there are two main ways to solve the problem of nutritional deficiency. One way is to balance the diet, that is, to match the variety and quantity of the daily diet according to the recommendations of the Dietary Guidelines for China Residents 2022, which is the fundamental method applicable to all people. Another way is to eat nutrient supplements and fortified foods, which are suitable for people whose daily diet is not balanced enough, as well as pregnant women, nursing mothers, infants, the elderly and other special groups with high demand for certain nutrients, as well as people who have low sunshine, high-intensity exercise and physical activity, and live in special environments such as high temperature, low temperature and plateau or have specific occupations. In addition, for individuals with nutrient deficiency, it is a simple and effective method to use nutrient supplements (and at the same time, they should actively improve their diet). In short, nutritional supplements are neither a panacea nor a scourge, but one of the effective means to solve nutritional problems, provided, of course, that they are supplemented appropriately and reasonably. Nutritional supplements are necessary and beneficial for some people who cannot adhere to a balanced diet or have special nutritional needs.

At present, the use of nutrient supplements is roughly in three situations:

First, it must be supplemented, such as folic acid supplementation during pregnancy and pregnancy, vitamin D supplementation for infants, and universal iodine supplementation (iodized salt);

The second is to supplement dietary deficiency or to meet special needs, such as DHA for those with insufficient fish and shrimp intake, vitamin D for those with insufficient sun exposure, vitamin B12 for the elderly, dietary fiber for those with constipation, and protein powder for those who need a high-protein diet.

The third is abuse, no targeted supplement, follow the trend, or blindly increase the variety or dosage. These three situations are very common around us.

If anyone decides to use nutritional supplements, they should first follow the advice of relevant medical guidelines or expert consensus, and don’t abuse them blindly; Secondly, we should be targeted, make up for what is missing, make up for what is missing, and don’t overdo it. It is best to consult nutrition-related professionals, such as nutritionists, health managers or doctors.

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02

Nutrient supplements suitable for middle-aged and elderly people

Different from infants, children and pregnant women, middle-aged and elderly people are often accompanied by metabolic problems such as hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, hyperuricemia, hyperhomocysteinemia and osteoporosis. These specific problems should be fully considered in both daily diet and nutrient supplements.

With the aging of population, osteoporosis has become an important public health problem in China. The prevalence rate of osteoporosis in the population over 50 years old in China is 20.7% for women and 14.4% for men. The prevalence of osteoporosis in people over 60 years old has increased significantly, especially in women. From the perspective of preventing osteoporosis, middle-aged and elderly people should first ensure calcium intake. The recommended daily intake of calcium for adults is 800 mg, and that for people aged 50 and over is 1000 mg. We should take enough calcium through diet as much as possible, take 300 ml of milk or a considerable amount of dairy products every day, often eat soy products, and eat calcium-rich foods such as green leafy vegetables every day. When calcium intake in the diet is insufficient, calcium agents can be given to supplement it. The selection of calcium agent should consider its calcium content, safety and effectiveness. Calcium carbonate has high calcium content and high absorption rate, and is easily soluble in gastric acid. The common adverse reactions are stomach discomfort and constipation.

For bone health, vitamin D may be more important than calcium, because vitamin D can promote the absorption of intestinal calcium, promote bone mineralization, maintain muscle strength, improve balance and reduce the risk of falling. Vitamin D is mainly synthesized by skin under sunlight (ultraviolet rays). People with insufficient sunlight should pay attention to vitamin D supplementation, with 400-600 international units per day for ordinary adults and 600-800 international units for the elderly aged 65 and over. With the social and economic development and lifestyle changes, especially the reduction of outdoor living and working hours, vitamin D deficiency has become a global public health problem. Epidemiological data show that vitamin D deficiency is common in Chinese population.

Vitamin D supplementation for the elderly is also helpful to prevent and treat muscle attenuation syndrome. Serum 25- hydroxyvitamin D3 of the elderly can be detected first. If it is lower than 30 ng/ml (75 nm/l), vitamin D should be supplemented, and 600-800 international units should be supplemented every day. Adequate intake of protein is more important for the prevention and treatment of muscular dystrophy syndrome. The recommended daily intake of protein for the elderly should be maintained at 1.0 ~ 1.5g/kg (body weight) and evenly distributed among three meals a day. In addition to high-protein foods such as milk, eggs, meat, fish and shrimp, supplementing whey protein is more beneficial to prevent muscle attenuation syndrome. In addition, the elderly suffering from muscular attenuation syndrome should be properly supplemented with nutritional supplements containing a variety of antioxidant nutrients (vitamin C, vitamin E, carotenoids, selenium).

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There is also a nutrient that is closely related to the joint health of the elderly. It is glucosamine, referred to as "glucosamine", which is the main component of cartilage tissue. According to the recommendation of China Nutrition Society, for adults with joint movement injury or osteoarthritis, 1000 mg of glucosamine or 1500 mg of glucosamine sulfate/glucosamine hydrochloride should be supplemented every day.

Anemia is also common in the elderly. The survey shows that the prevalence rate of anemia in the elderly over 60 years old is 12.6%. This is related to the weakened digestive function of the elderly and the decreased absorption rate of nutrients such as iron and vitamin B12. The elderly should pay attention to the detection of blood routine (including hemoglobin). If hemoglobin is found to be lower than normal and diagnosed as iron deficiency anemia, they should take iron (according to doctor’s advice). Vitamin C supplementation can promote iron absorption and help prevent iron deficiency anemia.

The effective component of fish oil is DHA, which is an ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid, which is beneficial to the nervous system and blood lipid metabolism of middle-aged and elderly people. High-purity fish oil can reduce triglyceride in blood by 30%~40%, with little adverse reaction and good tolerance. Low dose of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids has weak lipid-lowering effect and only plays an auxiliary role. In addition, supplementing fish oil or ingesting fish rich in DHA is also helpful for the elderly who have lost muscle mass and weakened muscle function.

In addition, there are more and more clinical applications of (whey) protein powder, including patients before and after operation, severe patients, tumor radiotherapy and chemotherapy, burn patients, patients with infectious diseases, patients with wasting diseases, and elderly patients with muscle decline, all of whom advocate increasing protein supply or adopting a high-protein diet (except for patients with renal insufficiency and hepatic coma, please follow the doctor’s advice).

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03

Nutritional supplements suitable for vegetarians.

Vegetarians lack animal foods in their diets. If we don’t pay special attention to food collocation, we will easily lack protein, vitamin B12, iron, zinc and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. Vegetarians can refer to the recommendations of the healthy vegetarian model introduced later to match their diets. If the diet cannot meet the requirements of the healthy vegetarian model, they should consider supplementing protein, fish oil (omega-3 unsaturated fatty acids, DHA) and multivitamins and minerals containing iron, zinc and vitamin B12.

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04

Nutritional supplements suitable for dieters to lose weight.

All kinds of weight loss methods require direct or disguised reduction of energy intake, such as only 1200 kcal (female) or 1400 kcal (male) per day, and an average reduction of 500 kcal per day. It is often difficult for a diet to provide comprehensive and sufficient nutrients when the food intake or food types are obviously limited. At this time, you can consider supplementing multivitamins and minerals. Proper supplementation of vitamins and minerals during dieting and weight loss can not only avoid nutrient deficiency, but also avoid the effect of weight loss due to the lack of certain vitamins (such as vitamin D), minerals (such as calcium) and probiotics.

Most diets reduce energy intake (carbohydrate and fat) while ensuring protein’s intake. The high-protein (low-carbon) diet also advocates increasing protein’s intake. Supplementing protein is also a common practice of dieting and losing weight.

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05

The key to selecting nutrient supplement products

When you decide to choose a nutrient supplement, you should first choose a targeted type and appropriate dosage. The types and dosage of nutrient supplements have been mentioned above. Nutrient supplements are definitely not the more the better, the more complete the better, and you can’t choose or add them at will. If you don’t know what kind or dosage you should choose, you should consult a dietitian, health manager or doctor and follow their instructions.

In China, nutrient supplements are managed as health food, and there should be a special "police tactical unit" logo on the label of nutrient supplements that meet the requirements of health food. It is suggested that the nutrient supplement marked with "police tactical unit" should be the first choice. In addition, it is more important to choose a big brand. A good product formula is designed reasonably (in line with the needs of the corresponding population), and the types and quantities of nutrients are true and reliable, and there is no exaggeration in publicity. All nutrient supplement products should be treated with caution. If you can read the ingredient list and label, buyers or consumers should know their ingredients and attributes, avoid blind intake, and don’t be misled by product advertising. Nutrient supplements are food, not medicine, and cannot treat diseases. All nutrient supplement foods (except drugs) that claim to be able to treat diseases are suspected of violating regulations or false propaganda.

In a word, people should give priority to get all kinds of nutrients from the diet, and the body’s needs for nutrients can be met through reasonable dietary collocation. When the diet can’t meet the needs of nutrients, we can choose appropriate nutrient supplements according to our own physiological characteristics and real needs.

Editorial Department of China Clinical Nutrition Network

Read the original text

In the past, listening to songs required buying tapes, CDs and playing equipment. Later, MP3 format appeared, so the collection of hundreds of songs in the computer was random, but it needed to be searched everywhere.

Later, with the popularity of smart phones, it is very convenient to install a music application in mobile phones to easily "own" a large number of songs and listen to them whenever you want. With the strengthening of copyright protection, you used to be able to listen to all the songs in one music application, but now you need to switch between several music applications, which music application do you use?

Figure 1 Which model is installed in your mobile phone?

Next, let’s take a look at the domestic music applications. Who is better to use these popular music mobile phone applications, such as Cool Dog Music, Cool Me Music, QQ Music, Xiami Music and Netease Cloud Music?

Which is your dish, the main interface or the playback interface?

QQ Music: QQ Music is a free music application launched by Tencent, which has the functions of online audition of massive music, online premiere of the most popular music, lyrics translation, ringtone download, high-quality lossless music audition, the most lossless music library, genuine music download and so on.

The main interface of QQ music adopts green style by default, depending on reminding users of the existence of green diamonds. The main interface is divided into three areas (function classification, content display and mini-play control bar).

Figure 2 QQ music main interface

By default, the player interface of QQ music adopts the form of turntable, and the pattern of turntable is song cover+advertisement rotation mode. In the player interface, you can switch between sound quality and sound effect to enter MV mode. Swipe right to see the details of the song, and swipe left to see the lyrics. The control buttons in the lower column include playback cycle mode, pause of previous song and next song, song list, add like, download songs, share songs and comment songs.

QQ Music supports changing the theme, skin, player style, barrage bubble style, poster font and other personalized operation interfaces, but most users need green diamonds to use them.

Figure 3 QQ music default player style

Figure 4 QQ Music Personalization Center

Netease Cloud Music-Comments can be so touching.

Netease Cloud Music: Netease Cloud Music is a free music application launched by Netease. It is a music product that focuses on discovery and sharing. It relies on professional musicians, DJs, friends’ recommendation and social functions to create a new music life for users.

The main interface of Netease Cloud Music adopts the red and white collocation style by default. The main interface is divided into three areas (function classification, content display and mini-play control bar).

Figure 5 Netease Cloud Music Main Interface

Netease Cloud Music’s player interface adopts the turntable form by default, but the design with the stylus looks like a record player, and the stylus can be dialed. In the player interface. Click on the turntable to switch to the lyric display mode. There is no direct tone quality switch button, so you need to look for it in the menu.

The control buttons in the lower column include function menu buttons such as adding likes, downloading songs, commenting on songs (those comments that make people cry come here), loop mode, pause the previous song and pause the next song, and song catalog.

Netease Cloud Music only supports the interface skinning function, and most of them need to be used by members.

Figure 6 Netease Cloud Music Playing Interface

Fig. 7 Personalized skin changing

Xiami Music-Music follows the heart.

Xiami Music: Xiami Music is a brand owned by Ali, which provides personalized recommendation, release, P2P download service of high-quality music MP3, and interactive content such as offline music activities.

Xiami Music’s main interface adopts the white background style by default. However, it looks uncomfortable with a bunch of black pattern posters+black fonts that I met during the Xiaobian test. The main interface is divided into three areas (search, content display, mini-play control bar).

Figure 8 Xiami Music main interface

Xiami Music’s player interface adopts poster mode, and large album posters are displayed. Click on the poster to switch to the lyric display mode. There is no direct tone quality switch button, so you need to look for it in the menu. The search categories are song buttons, add likes, download songs, share songs and function menu buttons. The comment area slides up directly, and the control buttons in the lower column include Delete, Previous Pause and Song Catalogue.

The loop mode button is hidden in the song catalog.

Xiami Music only supports the interface skinning function, and some of them need to be used by members.

Figure 9 Xiami Music playback interface

Figure 10 Skin Changing Center

Cool my music-use cool me when listening to music

By default, the main interface of Cool Music adopts blue and white style, and the main interface is divided into three areas (function classification, content display and mini-play control bar).

Figure 11 Cool Music Main Interface

The playing interface of cool music adopts the lyric display mode, and the background is the singer’s photo by default. Swipe left to view recommended songs, and swipe right to exit the player interface.

In the player interface, you can switch between sound quality and sound effect, and there are menu buttons for adding likes, downloads, comments and options below. The control buttons in the lower column are: pause next song in loop mode, song catalog, and the interface buttons will be hidden automatically. There is a live broadcast recommendation button in the interface.

Cool music supports interface and background skinning function, most of which need to be used by members.

Figure 12 Cool Music Playing Interface

Figure 13 Cool Music Skin Changing Function

Cool dog music –HELLO kugou

Cool dog music: cool dog music products, music sharing software, online music listening and downloading, and massive global radio and MV broadcasting services have massive music resources, which support the enjoyment of lossless high-fidelity sound quality.

The main interface of Cool Dog Music adopts the blue and white style by default, and the large white background looks a bit empty. The main interface is divided into three areas (function classification, content display and mini-play control bar).

Figure 14 Cool Music Main Interface

The playing interface of Cool Dog Music adopts the lyric display mode, and the background is the singer’s photo by default. You can view the song details by swiping left, and then you can exit the player interface by swiping right. In the player interface, you can switch between sound quality, sound effect and background (album cover, artist photo, skin basemap and running mode).

There are menu buttons for adding likes, downloading, commenting, sharing and options below. The control buttons in the lower column are: pause next song in loop mode, and song catalog.

Cool dog music supports the interface skinning function, and most of them do not need to be used by members.

Figure 15 Cool Dog Music Playing Interface

Figure 16 Unique running mode

Summary: The interface structure of function classification, content display and mini-play control bar has almost become the standard template of music player. On the interface DIY project, QQ music is the most popular one. On the playing interface, Netease Cloud Music has the most distinctive playing interface, and Cool Dog’s running mode gives users who like running and listening to songs a good choice.