It’s been a week since June 18, and when the June 18 war resumed, Juhua, which was fully restarted in March this year, became the biggest dark horse that suddenly emerged. The data shows that during the Tmall 618 period, the cost-effective year-on-year transaction growth reached 86.5%, and the year-on-year order growth was 106%.

　　According to Alibaba, poly-cost-effective led to one-third of Tmall 618 transactions. According to the special report released by the authoritative Internet information service provider Analysys International on June 20th, Tmall’s market share during the promotion period was more than twice that of JD.COM and Pinduoduo combined, and one company accounted for nearly two-thirds of the total market share.

　　Source: Analysys

　　The above picture shows the GMV comparison among different platforms very intuitively. The GMV of Taobao Tmall is 100, while that of JD.COM and Pinduoduo is 32.7 and 9.9 respectively. Poly-cost-effective leads to one-third of the transactions, which means that its index of leading transactions reaches 33, which is higher than that of JD.COM and Pinduoduo. More directly, a single gathering is cost-effective, and the turnover during Tmall 618 exceeded three Pinduoduo. In this year’s 618 War, the pattern of the sinking market has been rewritten. As an amoy department, Juhua rushed into the sinking market and gained a lot of advantages in the sinking market.

　　On June 25th, Alibaba "officially announced" the overall growth of Tmall 618. Jiang Fan, president of Tmall, revealed at the launch conference of Tmall flagship store version 2.0 that the physical GMV of Tmall 618 increased by 38.5% year-on-year, and the DAU (daily active user) of mobile phone Taobao also increased by 29% year-on-year during Tmall 618.

　　Caption: Jiang Fan, president of Tmall, was at the launch of version 2.0 of Tmall flagship store.

　　JD.COM did not disclose GMV figures, but the so-called "order amount". According to the figures published by JD.COM, the year-on-year growth of the order amount is only 26.5%, which is 12 percentage points lower than that of Tmall. As the largest e-commerce platform in the whole network, the growth rate of Tmall is also significantly ahead of competitors such as JD.COM. The ultra-high-speed growth of poly-cost-effective has further consolidated the dominant position of Amoy in the whole market.

　　The cost-effective "revival" has also injected important traffic growth into mobile phone Taobao. The year-on-year growth rate of DAU of Hand Amoy is 29%, which is the highest since 2017. It also shows that it is cost-effective to tap the incremental population mainly based on the following heavy market users. Data from traffic monitoring third-party organizations such as Aurora Big Data and Questmobile all show that during the period of 618, the number of DAU (Daily Active Users) of mobile phone Taobao was in an absolute leading position, far exceeding other competitors.

　　Win the sinking market

　　A prominent feature of 618 this year is that "sinking market" has become a battleground for military strategists. In March this year, the comprehensive and cost-effective restart profoundly changed the war situation of 618 this year. Jiang Fan revealed a figure that 49% of Tmall 618′ s purchase users came from the 4 th, 5 th and 6 th tier cities.

　　The research of Aurora Big Data shows that although the penetration rate of mobile phone Taobao in third-tier and below cities is slightly lower than that in first-and second-tier cities, it is still as high as 54.8%, which is significantly higher than that in Pinduoduo (39.5%) and JD.COM (22.3%). It is the only mainstream e-commerce software with a penetration rate of over 50% in third-tier and below cities. The DAU index of Taobao’s sinking market in the third line and below is more than twice that of Pinduoduo.

　　In fact, before the start of Tmall 618, Alibaba began to deploy troops to strengthen the cost-effectiveness. Although Juhua was once an independent business unit of Amoy Department, it was merged into Tmall at the end of 2016. At the beginning of this year, Juhua became independent from Tmall and became a unified marketing platform for Taobao and Tmall, namely the marketing platform business unit. It is also known as Daju Cost-effective business unit.

　　The new big gathering cost-effective covers the core marketing tools of Taobao, such as gathering cost-effective, rushing to buy, selling every day, etc. These business lines occupy almost half of the "half of the country" in the new edition of the hand-scouring six squares.

　　Amoy is one of the most important goals of this year’s 618 strategy, which is to maximize the enthusiasm of users in the sinking market. Alibaba’s "618" this year is "the biggest investment in history" comparable to double 11’s, and the breakthrough has chosen to gather cost-effectiveness. The biggest game of "Ten Million Explosive Groups" is to maximize the marketing explosive power of the poly-cost-effective sale model.

　　According to Alibaba, during Tmall 618, there were more than 180 million transactions and explosions, more than 4,700 million transactions and more than 4,200 items with sales exceeding 10,000 pieces, making it easy to achieve the small goal of "10 million explosion groups and 100 million explosion groups every day". The "Ten Million Explosive Groups" directly promoted the high growth of poly-cost-effective transaction volume. During the period of 618, the growth rate of poly-cost-effective transaction volume reached 89% year-on-year, and the number of users and purchases in third-and fifth-tier cities both increased by more than 100% year-on-year.

　　Jiang Fan said at yesterday’s press conference: "The reason why Juhua can make such progress in just a few months is because it has returned to the original intention of ten years ago, that is, helping consumers find the best-priced goods in the whole network and helping businesses get customers with the most efficient marketing."

　　The best tool for brand customers.

　　Poly cost-effective comprehensive restart, and further become the brand’s best customer acquisition tool. Before Tmall 618, Juhua clearly put forward the goal of "bringing 300 million new customers to the brand", which was finally successfully achieved.

　　This year, 128 brands of Tmall 618 were among the "Billion Club". More than 100 brands such as CPB, L ‘Oré al, Watsons, Dr. Chengye, Telunsu and Peak surpassed double 11 last year, and the sales performance of some brands reached 40 times that of double 11 last year. In this promotion, almost all the brands that became the "Billion Club" participated in the cost-effective activities.

　　As the "biggest investment in history", 618 strives to convey "affordable" mind to consumers. The original price of Dyson hair dryer is nearly 3000 yuan, and 88VIP discount is added to the poly-cost-effective subsidy coupon, and the hand is as low as 1854 yuan. The brand with the original price of 1499 is bigger than an air conditioner, and it will be subsidized after the direct drop, and the hand price is 859 yuan. On June 18 th, Juhua launched the iPhone XR 618 yuan spike, which was less than 10% off the original price, causing the whole network to snap up. The investment of real money has undoubtedly greatly strengthened the influence of poly-cost-effectiveness on the consumer side.

　　Tmall is the brand’s favorite new product release platform. During this year’s Tmall 618, 80% of the core brands released new products on Tmall. With Tmall’s powerful data and operational capabilities, brands can also aggregate consumer information, understand consumer preferences, conduct new product research and development, and create "explosive models".

　　How to make "explosive models" sell better? Tmall has a set of marketing methodology. In Jia Luo’s view, the sale model is a means to help brands reach new customers as quickly as possible. In fact, there is also a very strong demand for branded goods in the sinking market. Brand goods with high cost performance can also "suck powder" quickly once they reach the sinking market. The long-term accumulated ability of Juhua has played a role in this respect. Before Juhua regained its independence from Tmall, it brought considerable business opportunities to the Tmall brand. In 2018, 80% of the brands that participated in Juhua came from new buyers, and the ability of Juhua to "pull new" can be seen. After the further restart, it was cost-effective, and the killer weapon of "Laxin" was used to the extreme. On June 25, the average growth rate of 400 brands participating in the launch of Tmall flagship store was as high as 47% during Tmall 618.

　　Empowering industrial belt to create new supply

　　The data shows that Handamoy has always been the largest shopping APP with the highest penetration rate in China, with more than 700 million consumers on this platform, with rich and diverse needs. How to meet their more and more diverse preferences, Amoy needs to work hard on the supply side.

　　The breakthrough of Tao department selection is still a good deal. In addition to bringing new customers to traditional head brands, Juhua has set its sights on small and medium-sized businesses on the platform. Through their digital transformation, they can provide more high-quality and affordable products, which can meet the diverse needs of consumers and create more business growth for middle-aged businesses.

　　Poly-cost-effective phase of the industry with businesses. In this year’s Tmall 618, a large number of small and medium-sized brands have entered people’s sight through Taobao, such as Yage electric mosquito swatter, Miaoyou children’s socks, Yi Enbei wet wipes, plant protection paper products, Fupai electric toothbrush, and Caramella socks. Although they don’t have the star aura of international brands, they are favored by consumers with high quality and low price. The reason behind it is also very simple. They have entered a cost-effective industrial belt support plan.

　　As a big manufacturing country, China manufacturers have strong production capacity, forming various types of industrial belts such as digital accessories, electric toothbrushes, socks and paper towels. Many industrial belt manufacturers have long been OEM for well-known brands, but they lack their own brands. The daily sale of Juhua’s products fills the shortcomings of industrial belt merchants in operation, technology and brand ability, which can not only help them upgrade their products by digital means, but also solve the sales channels of their goods.

　　On the other hand, when these industries bring merchants to the front desk, many categories of consumption upgrades have successfully reached the sinking market for the first time. For example, the electric toothbrush, a typical "consumption upgrade" commodity, was sold in the sinking market during Tmall 618. Fupai, an electric toothbrush brand in Taizhou, Zhejiang Province, sold 14,051 pieces in one minute after the opening of 618, and sold 400,000 pieces in 16 hours. Juhua cost-effectively pushed the industrial belt merchants and successfully awakened the upgrading needs of consumers in the sinking market. The industrial belt merchants also successfully won 466 million orders during the period of 618.

　　Observing this year’s 618, the strong rise of poly-cost-effective is the most noteworthy phenomenon. To some extent, the battle of sinking market has been rewritten. Juhua Cost-effective, by its own efforts, has driven more transactions than the whole platform in JD.COM and Pinduoduo, which means that it has become the natural choice for users in the sinking market.

　　For consumers, the "cost-effective" mentality has been established, and strong consumer insight and price competitiveness have greatly enhanced the user stickiness of the cost-effective platform. On the other hand, poly-cost-effectiveness has also become the integration of "Alibaba’s commercial operating system", which can effectively empower different types of businesses. The top brands can get more new customers through poly-cost-effectiveness, and the middle-waist businesses can also realize their own product evolution and brand upgrade through poly-cost-effectiveness.

　　The key for Amoy Department to maintain its own competitiveness lies in creating new supply for consumers so as to meet their new demands. And poly-cost-effectiveness is the key link, and it has withstood the test in the 618 War.

This is an unusual May Day holiday — —

　　The first year of fully implementing the spirit of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, and the crucial year of implementing the 14th Five-Year Plan. The first five-day holiday after the smooth transition of epidemic prevention and control has attracted much attention.

　　Tourists in China are woven and picturesque; Streets and alleys are popular and fireworks are rising; Factory workshops are brightly lit, busy and orderly … … Busy and hot holidays once again show the strong vitality and resilience of China’s economy.

　　Active Holidays: Floating China Reflects the New Atmosphere of Recovery.

　　During the May Day holiday, the topic of "Dunhuang Blocking Camels" appeared on the social media hot search list.

　　"More than 2,400 humped camels are all ‘ On-the-job ’ Busy from morning till night! The original 40-minute journey now takes about an hour. " The person in charge of the Crescent Spring Scenic Spot in Mingsha Mountain in Dunhuang said.

　　On May 1st, tourists visited Yueya Spring Scenic Spot in Mingsha Mountain, Dunhuang City, Gansu Province. Xinhua News Agency (photo by Zhang Xiaoliang)

　　Tourists taking photos in front of the red wall of Beijing Drum Tower are in an endless stream, tourists from Nanjing Road Pedestrian Street in Shanghai are jostling shoulder to shoulder, the cruise ship Legend of the Yangtze River in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province is shuttling back and forth, and Ningxia’s "Shahu City that Never Sleeps" is brightly lit … … This holiday, tourists from all over the world walk in the picture scroll and feel the beauty of China.

　　According to the data of the Ministry of Culture and Tourism, the total number of domestic tourism trips during the May 1 holiday was 274 million, a year-on-year increase of 70.83%, and it recovered to 119.09% in the same period of 2019 according to comparable caliber; The domestic tourism revenue reached 148.056 billion yuan, up 128.90% year-on-year, and recovered to 100.66% in the same period of 2019 according to comparable caliber. The recovery momentum of the cultural tourism industry was strong.

　　In Qiongzhou Strait, the sailors of "Yuehaitie No.3" ushered in the busiest "May Day".

　　“‘ May Day ’ During the holidays, the number of cross-sea cars in Qiongzhou Strait reached the highest in the same period of the past five years. " Xiao Rui, manager of the safety system supervision department of Haikou Xinhai Ferry Terminal Co., Ltd., said that with the surge of holiday traffic, the port had to restart the full-reservation crossing mode one week in advance, and send more personnel at key points to improve the efficiency of ticket checking and security inspection and avoid congestion.

　　One by one "new record" witnessed the travel fever of "May Day" holiday — —

　　On the first day of the holiday, the expressway traffic in Guangdong Province reached a peak of 9.12 million vehicles, a record high. Both Beijing Capital Airport and Daxing Airport guarantee the number of flights and passenger traffic, which both hit record highs in the history of Beijing Civil Airport. Shenzhen North Railway Station sent 288,000 passengers, the highest value in a single day since its establishment … …

　　According to the relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Transport, during this year’s "May 1" holiday, the people have a strong willingness to visit relatives and travel, and the transportation activities of materials such as energy and people’s livelihood are intensive. The whole industry has increased the supply of comprehensive transportation capacity, ensured the transportation of key materials, and met the travel needs of passengers through multiple channels.

　　On May 1, at the hangzhou east railway station platform, passenger Zhang Zishen was guiding passengers to take the bus. Xinhua News Agency reporter Huang Zongzhi photo

　　China, which flows during holidays, shows the vitality of prosperity and development.

　　According to an article published on the website of Hong Kong’s South China Morning Post, the surge in the number of travelers during the holidays shows that after three years of epidemic prevention and control, China’s economic recovery is accumulating momentum.

　　Fiery holiday: the recovery of consumption highlights the resilience and vitality of China’s economy

　　Steaming cloisonne copper pot to rinse meat, fragrant and oily kebabs, mutton and scallion dumplings with thin skin and big stuffing … … During the "May Day" period, Donglaishun, a time-honored brand located in Wangfujing Street in Beijing, was very popular, and there were an endless stream of guests waiting in line at the door.

　　"In order to cope with the peak of holiday passenger flow, we have specially added more than 100 seats, so we haven’t stopped waiting in line every day." Li Jingtao, general manager of Donglaishun Wangfujing Store, said that since New Year’s Day, the store’s passenger flow has continued to rise, and during the May Day period, it was even too busy to receive.

　　This holiday, in the RV Camping Park in Qihe Village, Zhongtian, Tianjin, many people searched for "poetry and distance" through camping. "Usually, the pace of life is relatively fast, and camping can be close to nature and especially relaxed." Tianjin citizen Ms. Liu said.

　　Catch a national wind market and experience the encounter with traditional culture; Go camping in the wild and make tea with three or five friends around the stove; Experience a city ride, frisbee and land surfing … … During the "May 1" period, all kinds of new formats and new ways of playing were sought after by consumers, and the orders related to trendy play on Meituan platform increased by over 200% compared with the Spring Festival holiday.

　　On the evening of May 1 ST, tourists from Yaobu Ancient Town Scenic Area in Liuzhou City, Guangxi Province were woven (photo of drone). Xinhua News Agency (photo by Li Hanchi)

　　The popularity of time-honored brands and the "fire" of new formats have become a vivid epitome of the hot consumption and warm economy this holiday.

　　All localities seized the opportunity of the "May 1" holiday and took various measures to promote the sustained recovery of consumption — — Beijing issued the second batch of Beijing color green coupons, and linked more than 60 business districts and enterprises to carry out consumption promotion activities; Shanghai’s "May 5 th Shopping Festival" launched a new scene to promote the linkage between shopping, cultural tourism, food, competitions and exhibitions; Jilin has opened a number of "night economy" direct lines to meet the travel needs of tourists … …

　　With the help of policies and other factors, consumer demand has been accelerated. According to the monitoring of the Ministry of Commerce, the sales of national key retail and catering enterprises increased by 18.9% year-on-year during the May 1 holiday. According to the data of the National Film Bureau, the box office of China’s film May 1st file reached 1.519 billion yuan, and the film market recovered well. According to the data of the US Mission and the public comment, the number of long-distance travel accommodation orders in the first three days of the holiday increased by over 40% compared with the same period in 2019; During the holiday period, the national store traffic in Suning.cn increased by 23% year-on-year, and the sales volume of green and energy-saving household appliances increased by 56% year-on-year & hellip; …

　　“‘ May Day ’ The strong recovery of consumer markets such as domestic catering and cultural tourism during the holidays fully demonstrated the strong resilience and vitality of China’s economy, and also consolidated the foundation for the economic recovery throughout the year. " Wang Yun, a researcher at China Macroeconomic Research Institute, said.

　　Busy holiday: accumulating high-quality development momentum in endeavor.

　　May Day is a holiday for workers. On the land of China, busy figures can be seen everywhere, and the pace of struggle has never stopped.

　　On May 2, in the polyurethane workshop of Zhejiang Zhenshen Thermal Insulation Technology Co., Ltd., located in Wangdian Town, Xiuzhou District, Jiaxing City, Zhejiang Province, workers carried out the pipe support installation process. Xinhua News Agency reporter Xu Yushe

　　At the foot of Qinling Mountain, the construction of Taixingshan Tunnel of Xikang High-speed Railway is in full swing.

　　"The last auxiliary tunnel was completed on April 30, and the tunnel project has fully entered the main tunnel construction stage." Xu Jiajian, a site worker at Taixingshan Tunnel, said, "The tunnel project has been completed by nearly 21% and is now progressing steadily."

　　The Deepest Oil and Gas Well in Asia — — The drilling of "Yuejin 3-3XC Oil and Gas Well" provides important technical and equipment reserves for drilling deep oil and gas in Wanmite in the future. The first cross-sea immersed tunnel in northern China — — Dalian Bay subsea tunnel completed and opened to traffic; The project construction of Hainan Wenchang Aerospace Supercomputing Center has entered a full-scale sprint stage … …

　　Do not rest, speed up the work. During this holiday, from the Qinba Mountain area to the southeast coast, a batch of key projects were accelerated to "refuel", "cheer up" and "open the way" for high-quality development.

　　Entering the park and enterprises, many people who stick to their jobs during the holidays are also scrambling for progress for new orders and new tasks.

　　On May 2nd, workers were busy with production, assembly and packaging on the production line of Shenzhen Guanxu Electronics Co., Ltd.. "By continuously increasing independent research and development, our smart headphones have been well received in the international market, and the orders in hand have been placed by the end of the year, and the export volume is expected to double this year. ‘ May Day ’ During the period, the company implemented a shift system and organized employees to step up production of products sold to Europe. " Wang Mingyong, director of Guanxu Electronic Operation Center, said.

　　On May 1st, workers inspected the pipeline in the ceiling at the reconstruction project site of T2 Terminal of Wuhan Tianhe Airport undertaken by China Construction Third Bureau. Xinhua News Agency reporter Wu Zhizun photo

　　Looking at the whole country, all localities strive to open a new bureau with a "running" attitude — —

　　In Guizhou, the construction of several data center projects is in full swing, the super-large data center cluster has begun to take shape, and batches of high-quality enterprises have come one after another;

　　In Heilongjiang, a series of trains loaded with goods in Central Europe sounded their sirens and sailed to Poland, Germany, Belgium and other countries, providing transport capacity guarantee for China to open a new highland to the north;

　　In Hebei, the core area of xiong’an new area start-up area is full of tower cranes and trucks, and builders keep refreshing "China quality" and "China speed" … …

　　Leap forward, seize the day.

　　Strong people flow and logistics, fiery consumer market and busy production workshop … … Through the window of the May Day holiday, the world sees a vigorous, energetic and prosperous China.

　　Text reporters: Wang Yuxiao, Wei Yukun, Ruta, Simomo, Xu Zhuang, Wang Peng.

　　Video reporters: Kan Junfeng, Ai Siqi, Liu Runzhi, Zhao Xiaoyu, Luo Xuefeng, Li Shuai, Wang Junfeng, Li Duojiang, Guo Liangchuan, Zhao Yong.

　　Poster design: Sun Yao

　　Editor: Yang Buyue, Qi Wenjuan, Ren Zhenglai, Wang Haocheng, Guo Jieyu

　　Coordinator: Fang Sixian and He Yuxin

　　Investigation motive

　　With the implementation of the national fitness policy and the public’s concern about health problems, more people began to walk into gyms. Where there is demand, there is a market, and gyms around citizens’ places of residence have mushroomed everywhere. However, as the fitness market becomes more and more popular, many problems are gradually exposed, among which the professional problem of fitness instructors is the most reflected by the public. How to identify the qualification of fitness instructor? How to standardize and effectively supervise the fitness market? Around these problems, the reporter of Legal Daily conducted an investigation on the fitness market in Beijing.

　　□ Legal Daily reporter Shuai Biao

　　□ Legal Daily reporter Lian Yingting

　　At 7 o’clock every night, the members who come to the gym crowded the small gym and sweated on all kinds of equipment, while a coach stared at the members’ movements.

　　This is a chain gym located in Beijing’s North Fourth Ring Road. Jing He worked out in this gym, but after two weeks of exercise, Jing He decided not to go here again.

　　Jing He, who has many years’ experience in horse racing and fitness, found the problem without practicing here for several times. "The coaches here are unprofessional." Jing He told the Legal Daily reporter bluntly, "I found that many members’ actions were wrong, but the coaches didn’t correct them, and even some coaches’ actions were wrong. It is too dangerous to exercise like this. "

　　In recent years, the popularity of the fitness market has made many people smell business opportunities. Not only gyms can be seen everywhere, but also some fitness instructor training institutions have emerged. However, whether it is a gym or a coach training institution, its professionalism is worrying.

　　According to the investigation by the reporter of Legal Daily, most of these coach training institutions have short training time and low gold content in their certificates. In addition, the threshold for fitness coaches is low and there is no uniform standard for qualification certificates, which leads to uneven levels of coaches in the domestic fitness industry, chaotic fitness coach qualification examinations and lack of supervision.

　　Fitness instructor qualification training

　　You can pass the exam by paying.

　　On the morning of September 19th, the reporter of Legal Daily went to a gym in Wangjing, Beijing, which was in a relatively prosperous area and medium-sized. After entering the gym, the reporter found that the fitness equipment here is different from the traditional fitness equipment.

　　Manager Wu Jiao told the reporter that this store belongs to foreign countries, which is different from the route taken by ordinary gyms in China. "All our technical systems are imported from the United States."

　　The reporter saw in this gym that a whiteboard records the daily training contents and achievements of members, and the coach gives lectures to members intensively every day. This form is rare.

　　As for the teaching staff, Wu Jiao told reporters that the coaches here are all certificates issued by foreign countries, and all coaches have to undergo all the training in the technical system before they can take up their posts. If you want to get this kind of primary certificate issued abroad, you only need to train for two days and then take the exam, and the rest of the time is self-study. It is more difficult to get a higher level certificate. First, you have to pass the English test, and second, the professional training exam is also real.

　　According to the reporter’s investigation, the qualification certificates of fitness instructors mainly include Asian Fitness Certificate, National Fitness Instructor Professional Qualification Certificate, American Fitness Certificate, CSCS Fitness Instructor Certificate and other certificates issued by domestic fitness colleges. Among them, the National Physical Fitness Association (NSCA) registered physical fitness training experts (CSCS) certification pass rate is very low.

　　At present, domestic fitness instructors generally have two certificates, one is the national fitness instructor professional qualification certificate issued by the Vocational Skills Center of the State Sports General Administration, and the other is the Asian physical fitness certificate.

　　An industry insider told reporters that the Asian Physical Fitness Certificate is the easiest to obtain, so most fitness instructors have this certificate. The National Fitness Coach Professional Qualification Certificate is jointly made by the State Sports Bureau and non-governmental organizations. In fact, non-governmental organizations borrow the signboard of the Sports Bureau.

　　Wang Weida, who works as a fitness instructor, told the Legal Daily reporter that the national fitness instructor’s professional qualification certificate is not a hard indicator. However, in order to attract members to buy classes, many gyms will encourage coaches to do more research, making more and more coach training institutions cooperate with gyms.

　　The process of this kind of textual research is to pay the training institution a fee of about 3,000 yuan to 4,000 yuan, train for about one week, and then take the exam.

　　Wang Weida said: "This kind of exam is easy to pass. Even if you fail, you can make up the exam for free. Nowadays, the demand for fitness instructors is in short supply, so many training institutions can let you live for money, which is beneficial to both sides. If the training fails for half a day, the money is equal to nothing, so as long as you pay, you have to let them pass. "

　　According to Bao Ke, a fitness and bodybuilding teacher in Beijing Sport University, there are not many professional coach training institutions. Many training institutions want to seize this opportunity to make a fortune, so they will train and issue certificates as soon as possible.

　　"Now there are many certificates that are more interesting, such as qualification certificate and training certificate. The qualification certificate means that you passed the exam through training, and the training certificate means that you participated in the training." Burke said.

　　The teaching staff is uneven

　　How much is the main business of coaching?

　　According to the reporter’s investigation, at present, there is no rigid requirement in the fitness industry that you must hold a certificate before you can take up your post. Therefore, some people without professional background can take up their posts after short-term training. The threshold of fitness industry is too low, which gives many non-professionals the opportunity to enter.

　　Leo, a bodybuilding student, told the reporter of Legal Daily, "When we are training in the gym, we often see many unprofessional coaches instructing members to make some wrong moves, which will lead to muscle injury in the long run. The so-called coaches have never studied systematic courses at all, and even some gyms will post the qualifications in the coach’s resume on the wall in order to attract members to buy courses. There are all kinds of certificates, which are actually fictitious. "

　　"In fact, many gyms lack professional coaches. I brought 48 bodybuilding graduates this year, and only 4 of them chose to work in the gym, but there are many gyms that I want this year. At present, the gym mainly depends on sales performance, not that the salary you get with good skills is relatively high. In the final analysis, it depends on how to make money for the gym, which also leads some more professional fitness instructors to choose this line. " Bao Ke said that in the gym, selling courses has become the coach’s main business. As long as the courses are sold more and can help the gym make money, nothing else is important. It turns out that every gym has a tour coach, who will guide all members for free to attract customers to buy his private lessons. Now, coaches don’t want to make a tour, but sell more private lessons, giving less and less guidance to members unless you are willing to pay a higher price for private lessons. Therefore, many gym coaches are now looking at money.

　　Jing He also told reporters that once, when she was exercising, she saw the coaches in the gym receiving training. "When I listened carefully, I didn’t train professional knowledge at all, but taught them how to sell private lessons.".

　　Bao Ke also mentioned that at present, there is no good evaluation mechanism for the qualifications of coaches in China, which also leads to uneven levels of fitness coaches.

　　"Now the national fitness is advocated, and the fitness market is also hot, but from a practical point of view, every member can really benefit very little, and the gyms that really do this can be said to be rare." Burke said.

　　Regarding the reasons for this kind of problem, Bao Ke believes that there is no special regulatory body in China, and the fitness market is basically market-oriented.

　　Coach qualification standards to be unified

　　Training institutions need to strengthen supervision.

　　In November, 2015, the Career Development Report of Fitness Coaches in China released by the Vocational Skills Appraisal Guidance Center of the State General Administration of Sport stated that in the private education industry, 52% of the "newcomers" who have been employed for one to three years have professional background, and the remaining 48% have no professional background.

　　Guo Yong, a bodybuilding coach of the national team and a lecturer in bodybuilding major at Beijing Sport University, told the Legal Daily reporter that professional background mainly refers to sports-related background, such as students from sports institutes and sports majors, not necessarily specialized in fitness.

　　In addition to professional background, those who have been promoted from different channels to coaches hold different certificates. At present, there are no uniform norms and standards for the qualification of fitness instructors in China.

　　"I think it is difficult for the fitness instructor qualification certificate to reach a unified standard, and it is also difficult to achieve effective supervision." Bao Ke said that the fitness instructor grade examination in the Human Resources Center of the General Administration of Sport is relatively formal. However, in order to standardize and effectively supervise, I personally think that the gym needs to cooperate first, that is, you can’t work without a qualification certificate; Secondly, improve the member identification ability; Finally, the industrial and commercial department should assess how many teachers and abilities there are in the gym, instead of having a business license and a venue to open a gym.

　　Wu Jiao believes that we should start from the source, that is, the operator. Operators must attach importance to coaches first, and train coaches from all aspects, instead of letting coaches be salespeople. Now many coaches basically sell classes after going to the gym; Secondly, for coaches, we should pay more attention to the evaluation of members or the performance of teaching. If we only look at how many classes have been sold, the professionalism of the coaches themselves will not improve. In addition, there is nothing wrong with letting go of the threshold. The key is how to train these coaches after entering, which is a very key link.

　　Guo Yong believes that the chaos in the fitness market is a normal phenomenon, and all industries have such a process, which gradually moves from immaturity to maturity, from non-standardization to standardization, and from professionalism to professionalism.

　　"I think that the qualifications of fitness instructors in the future are diversified, and fitness instructors are a skill. It is impossible to force the qualification examination at present. Moreover, it cannot be said that the qualification certificates issued by some institutions are not good. I think the training of fitness instructors is much better than before, and there will definitely be more and more training institutions in the future. In the end, who can stay depends on the market. " Guo Yong said.

　　Cartography/Gao Yue　　

CCTV News:After the "September 11th" incident in 2001, the United States sent troops to Afghanistan in the name of "anti-terrorism", and then continued to "export unrest", which made the Middle East turbulent for a long time. On May 1, 2011, US Eastern Time and May 2, 2011, Beijing time, then US President Barack Obama announced that the United States believed that the "9.11" incident was behind the scenes — — Osama bin Laden, the leader of Al Qaeda, was killed by American troops in Abbottabad, Pakistan.

The small village where bin Laden was hiding.

Now, it has been ten years since the United States announced the killing of bin Laden, and the US military has begun to withdraw from Afghanistan. Has the so-called "anti-terrorism" goal of the United States been achieved? Ten years after bin Laden was killed, the reporter from the General Station visited Abbottabad again.

Headquarters reporter Cui Ru:I am now in Abbottabad, Pakistan. There used to be a small building with a courtyard next to me. Ten years ago, US Navy SEALs attacked here and killed Al Qaeda leader Osama bin Laden. After bin Laden was killed, the small building was demolished and the yard became a cricket ground for children.

People: peace has not yet reached the United States to export turmoil for self-interest

In the village, some insiders were interviewed by reporters.

Local resident Nayaz Bangash:People say that there was peace after bin Laden’s death, but now there is no peace at all. There is no peace in Afghanistan or Pakistan. Kidnapping and killing are everywhere.

The building where bin Laden was killed has been razed to the ground.

Tanori, a businessman who lives opposite the demolished building, thinks that the so-called killing of bin Laden is just a "propaganda war" in the United States. Tanori said that attacking other countries with "fabricated stories" has always been a means of the United States.

Local resident Tanori:The United States is slandering Pakistan. They have searched many countries. They think bin Laden is here, but bin Laden is not here. The United States is just making excuses for sending troops to Afghanistan and Iraq, just as they went to Libya to kill Libyans after fighting Iraq. Everything was for the benefit of the United States, and the game ended when it was unprofitable. Before they tried to end Afghanistan, they threw out the story of bin Laden. They announced that they had killed bin Laden just to end the war.

Headquarters reporter Cui Ru:After the "9.11" incident before 2001, the United States successively sent troops to Afghanistan and Iraq in the name of counter-terrorism to overthrow the Taliban and Saddam Hussein’s regime. The United States has also deeply intervened in the Middle East, bringing profound disasters to the whole Middle East. In the 20-year war, the United States has not been safe, but has become more and more fearful. What nourishes the monster of terrorism is precisely the hatred planted by American war policy and hegemonism.

People: peace is too far away. American troops bring chaos

In Kabul, the capital of Afghanistan, many local people also said in an interview with the general station reporter that in 2011, the United States announced that the killing of bin Laden did not improve the security situation in the region, and the United States’ actions at that time were only for its own interests.

Many Afghans say that their lives have been completely disrupted. Apart from terrorist attacks, daily theft and robbery also bring great danger to their lives. When it comes to expectations for the future, everyone invariably says two words — — "Peace".

General Station reporter Li Shuangxi:From the eyes of Afghans, what I see is the longing for peace and disappointment with the United States. For them, the significance of the "ultimate revenge" that killed bin Laden is extremely limited, and the achievements of the US garrison for nearly 20 years are only a more chaotic situation.

The cloud of terror in Afghanistan remains strong.

It has been ten years since the United States announced the killing of bin Laden. However, as Afghans said, the security situation in Afghanistan and the whole region has not returned to calm, and the shadow of terrorist attacks remains strong. After the "9.11" incident in 2001, the United States sent troops to attack Afghanistan and overthrow the Taliban regime. In 2011, the United States announced the killing of bin Laden, and Al Qaeda gradually lost its absolute influence in Afghanistan. However, the gap left by Al Qaeda has been filled by more newly emerging terrorist organizations.

This is an attack video recorded by a gunman himself, which has been widely circulated on social networks in Afghanistan recently.

General Station reporter Li Shuangxi:The video shooting we just saw took place on the streets of Kabul, the capital, and the attacker was already dead. There are many similar things, and there is evidence in our office. Look at this bullet hole on the wall, and my colleagues in the office wrote the time when it happened with a pen — — About three years after bin Laden was killed, there was an unexplained gun battle in the street next to the office. One of the bullets broke the glass and entered the wall. After this incident, all the windows facing the street in the office were nailed up by steel plates, so the light in the room is a little dim now.

A bullet hole in the office wall

According to experts in Afghanistan, there are currently about 20 terrorist organizations active in Afghanistan, which is followed by social unrest, gun proliferation and many other problems.

The latest travel notice issued by the US Embassy in Afghanistan to American citizens

General Station reporter Li Shuangxi:This is the latest travel notice issued by the US Embassy in Afghanistan to American citizens. It says that there are risk factors such as epidemic, crime, terrorism, civil strife, kidnapping and armed conflict in Afghanistan. This is indeed the case in Afghanistan now. The so-called terror has long been not only terrorism in the traditional sense, but also the daily life of local people faces many challenges.

If the US anti-terrorism policy is not changed, it will be difficult to escape the "more anti-terrorism" cycle.

It has been ten years since the United States announced the killing of bin Laden, and it has been nearly 20 years since the United States launched the so-called "war on terror" in Afghanistan. However, some analysts pointed out that if the US government can’t get rid of the long-standing anti-terrorism practice of attaching importance to military affairs and neglecting diplomacy, it will be difficult for the United States to escape from the strange circle of "more anti-terrorism".

In the past few decades, a cornerstone of American foreign policy has been "military means first." All countries that have been interfered by the United States in their internal affairs, including Afghanistan, Libya, Iraq, etc., have experienced turmoil without exception. While the United States is "destroying" militarily, it lacks the follow-up diplomatic "reconstruction" efforts, so countries such as Afghanistan and Libya have long been caught in domestic turmoil.　

The war in Afghanistan has lasted for 20 years, and the United States once stationed more than 100,000 troops in Afghanistan, but this could not defeat the Taliban. The US military’s "anti-terrorism" is "more anti-terrorism and more fear". In the view of former German Foreign Minister Fischer, apart from killing several leaders of terrorist organizations and weakening some extremist organizations, the US "anti-terrorism" war in Afghanistan is almost fruitless. "Terrorism has not been defeated militarily or ideologically, and remains a consistent threat to the West."

At the same time, the United States has been "half-hearted" in promoting Afghanistan’s economic and social development. Due to frequent wars and turmoil, Afghanistan’s industrial base is still weak, and agriculture and animal husbandry are still the main force of the national economy. The education system in Afghanistan has collapsed, with the illiteracy rate as high as 65% and that of women as high as 96%. The younger generation is unable to learn knowledge and is more susceptible to terrorism.

Analysts pointed out that the mistake of the US anti-terrorism policy lies in the fact that the US did not realize that any sustainable military achievement could not be achieved without the successful support of Afghanistan’s national construction, which can only be achieved through diplomatic means.

The long war in Afghanistan has brought profound lessons to the U.S. government. U.S. drones and missiles alone cannot solve the anti-terrorism problem, and comprehensive measures must be taken to address both the symptoms and the root causes.

China is a "big country", with more than 140 million diabetics, among whom about 72.83 million diabetics have not been diagnosed. Because diabetes requires lifelong medication, there is a huge demand for diabetes drugs in the market.

According to the Rong Yun database, the hospital sales of diabetes drugs (chemical drugs/biological drugs) in China increased from 20 billion yuan in 2014 to 34.3 billion yuan in 2021, with a compound annual growth rate of 7.99%.

Hospital sales of diabetes drugs market

Screenshot Source: Drug Rong Yun National Hospital Sales Database

The market of diabetes drugs is 0.13 billion yuan, and the head effect is obvious.

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia in clinic, but the etiology and pathogenesis have not been fully understood at present. Its therapeutic drugs can be divided into two categories: non-insulin hypoglycemic agents and insulin hypoglycemic agents, and subdivided into ten categories: biguanides, insulin and its analogues, GLP-1 receptor agonists, sulfonylureas, glinides and GKA drugs. Jost Sullivan report shows that the current antidiabetic drug market in China is mainly occupied by traditional drugs, and half of it is occupied by insulin.

According to the statistics of Rong Yun Drug Database, among the TOP10 varieties in the hospital sales of diabetes drugs in 2021, except Dapagliflozin tablets, sitagliptin phosphate tablets and liraglutide injection, the other seven varieties are all insulin and its analogues.

Insulin aspart 30 injection and insulin glargine injection topped the list with sales exceeding 3 billion yuan.

TOP10 varieties of in-hospital sales of diabetes drugs market in 2021

Source: Rong Yun National Hospital Sales Database.

The new diabetes drugs listed in 2022 are remarkable.

Compared with 2021, Hengrui Pharma’s Henggliclazide, Microchip’s Sigliclazide, Tanabe Mitsubishi Pharmaceutical’s Tegliclazide and many other new drugs were approved in China one after another. This year, fewer new diabetes drugs were approved, but all of them were remarkable and very eye-catching.

Hualing Medicine:Dogleetin tablets

On October 8, dorzagliatin, the first in class hypoglycemic agent of Hualing Medicine, was officially approved by NMPA for listing, with the trade name of Huatangning. Two indications of Huatangning were approved at one time, namely, using metformin alone to treat patients with type 2 diabetes who have not been treated with drugs, and using metformin alone in combination with metformin to treat adults with type 2 diabetes when blood sugar control is not good.

This is the world’s first approved GKA,Glucokinase Activator (GKA), the first original new drug with a brand-new mechanism in the field of diabetes in the past decade, and the first new drug for type 2 diabetes in the world launched in China for the first time. As a GKA drug, Dogleetin can restore the blood glucose homeostasis of patients with type 2 diabetes by restoring the function of glucose kinase (GK), and achieve the purpose of treating type 2 diabetes.

Lilly:Tirzepatide; tirzepatide

In May, 2022, FDA approved the listing of tirzepatide (trade name: Mounjaro), a dual agonist of glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide -1(GLP-1) receptor from Lilly. This drug is the first GLP-1R dual-target hypoglycemic drug for treating type 2 diabetes, and it is only injected once a week to assist diet and exercise, so as to improve the blood sugar control of adults with type 2 diabetes.

Research and development status of tirzepatide

Screenshot Source: Drug Rong Yun Global Drug R&D Database

In China, Lilly submitted the IND application for Telpotide Injection for the first time in April 2019, and started clinical trials in August of the same year. So far, a number of phase III clinical trials for type 2 diabetes, heart failure and obesity have been carried out; In September this year, Lilly officially submitted the marketing application of the new diabetes drug to CDE.

Tirzepatide clinical trial information (search "Medicine Rong Yun applet" for more relevant data query)

Screenshot Source: Drug Rong Yun China Clinical Trial Database

The research and development market of diabetes drugs has intensified, pending the inventory of new drugs by listed stars.

Under the policy of normalization of quantity procurement and consistency evaluation, the competition in the domestic diabetes generic drug market is gradually becoming fierce, and at the same time, it also forces domestic enterprises to move from generic drugs to Fast-follow and First-in-class.

The research and development of pharmaceutical companies has been accelerated, and many pharmaceutical companies have gathered together hot targets to compete for involution. At present, a number of new diabetes drugs have entered the phase III clinical stage, and some products have submitted listing applications in China.　

Newly declared new diabetes drugs in China

Up to now, in addition to the telpotide mentioned above, there are several new diabetes drugs that have been submitted for marketing in the domestic diabetes drug market, which are worthy of attention.

Sihuan medicine:Jiaglinide tablets

On February 28th, the application for the listing of Jiagelijing tablets, a new drug of Sihuan Medicine, was accepted by CDE. This is a glucose sodium cotransporter 2(SGLT-2) inhibitor independently developed by Sihuan Medicine for the treatment of diabetes, which has been patented in China, the United States, Europe, Japan and South Korea for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. If approved for marketing, it will become the second SGLT-2 inhibitor drug independently developed by China after Hengrui Proline Hengglinide Tablets.

Novo Nordisk:Smegliptide tablets

On May 27th, Novo Nordisk’s application for the listing of Smegliptide Tablets was accepted by CDE. Smegliptide is a GLP-1 receptor agonist. Its injection has been approved for marketing in China, and its tablet has been approved for blood sugar control in adults with type 2 diabetes overseas, making it the first oral GLP-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA) in the world. According to the Rong Yun database, two phase III clinical trials of Smegliptide tablets compared with placebo or sitagliptin in the treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes have been completed. It is speculated that the declared indication is to treat type 2 diabetes.

Clinical trials of smeagoutide tablets in China

Screenshot Source: Drug Rong Yun China Clinical Trial Database

Hengrui Pharma:Repagliptin phosphate tablets

Repagliptin phosphate tablets in Hengrui Pharma, a DPP-4 inhibitor with similar structure to sitagliptin on the market, are also suitable for type 2 diabetes. It was submitted to the market in September 2020 and accepted. Proline Henggliclazide tablets reported at the same time were approved for marketing on the first day at the end of 2021, becoming the first SGLT-2 diabetes drug independently developed in China. Whether repaglinide can be approved before the end of 2022 is of concern.

Studying new drugs for diabetes.

Novo Nordisk:Icodec

In addition, no weekly insulin preparation products have been approved for listing in the world, and Novo Nordisk’s Icodec insulin is ahead of schedule. On October 3rd, Novo Nordisk announced the positive results of Icodec’s phase IIIa ONWARDS 5 study, and Novo Nordisk also said that it is expected to apply for regulatory approval of Icodec in the United States, the European Union and China in the first half of 2023.

Cinda Bio:Mazdutide（IBI362）

GLP-1 receptor agonists have grown rapidly in recent years, and have become the non-insulin drugs with the highest market share in the global diabetes market, among which dulaglutide, somaru peptide and liraglutide are outstanding. The multi-target agonist of GLP-1R has also become a hot competitive direction in the research and development of new drugs for diabetes.

Among them, the Mazdutide(IBI362) jointly promoted by Cinda Bio and Lilly is eye-catching. This is a GLP-1R/GCGR dual-target agonist, and its research on type 2 diabetes has reached the phase II clinical stage. On July 19th, Cinda Bio announced that a multi-center, randomized, placebo/dulaglutide-controlled phase II clinical study of IBI362 in type 2 diabetic subjects in China reached the main end point, with remarkable hypoglycemic and weight-loss effects, which can bring comprehensive benefits to patients. On October 4th, Cinda Bio announced the phase III clinical trial of IBI362 for overweight or obesity.

Dongyang Guangyao:Rong ge lie Jing

SGLT-2 target is one of the hot targets in the research and development of new drugs for diabetes in recent years. SGLT-2 inhibitors can block and reduce the reabsorption of glucose by the kidney, thus increasing glucose excretion through urination and lowering blood sugar level.

At present, among the SGLT-2 inhibitors under research, Rongglinide of Dongyangguang has made the fastest progress and has reached the clinical stage III. Tagglinide from Tianjin Institute of Medicine, Vanglinide from Fosun Pharma and Agglinide from Shanghai Alice have also entered the clinic.

A variety of clinical phase III DPP-4 inhibitors

There are many DPP-4 inhibitors in the domestic diabetes drug market, among which DBPR108 from Unacon, Fugliptin from Xinlitai, Shenggliptin from Shengshi Taike, HSK7653 from Haisike and Eugliptin from Yuandong Bio have made rapid progress, and all of them have reached the phase III clinical stage.

Zhengda Tianqing Nanjing Shunxin has laid out two models, TQ-F3083 and TQ05510, and increased the horsepower. The former is in the second clinical stage.

Both of them are DPP-4 inhibitors, and there are differences among different varieties. At present, DPP-4 inhibitors are mostly taken once a day, of which HSK7653 of Haisike Pharmaceutical is taken orally once every two weeks, and Eugliptin of Yuandong Biological and Borgliptin of Baidichang Pharmaceutical need to be taken once a week.

Finally, whether it is insulin or non-insulin diabetes drugs, we all look forward to the early listing to provide more choices for diabetic patients.

Author: Wang Xingguo

Director of Nutrition Department of Dalian Central Hospital/headline signing author

Director of Liaoning Nutrition Society, executive vice chairman of Dalian Nutrition Society, professional skill appraisal expert of public dietitians in Liaoning Province, member of Clinical Nutrition Branch of Dalian Medical Association, and expert consultant of China Clinical Nutrition Network.

This article is taken from teacher Wang Xingguo’s new book, Encyclopedia of Nutrition for Middle-aged and Old People.

China Clinical Nutrition Network has been authorized to publish.

Nowadays, more and more people eat nutritional supplements (health food). According to a survey of more than 36,000 people conducted by the Nutrition Society of China in 2017, 30.50% of adult residents have bought nutrient supplement products, 54.85% have eaten them, and the consumption rate of the elderly is even higher. At the same time, there are also many criticisms that eating nutrient supplements is ineffective and even harmful to health. So, should nutrient supplements be eaten and how should they be eaten?

(Source: www.pexels.com)

01

Nutrient supplements are available, but they should not be abused.

Generally speaking, there are two main ways to solve the problem of nutritional deficiency. One way is to balance the diet, that is, to match the variety and quantity of the daily diet according to the recommendations of the Dietary Guidelines for China Residents 2022, which is the fundamental method applicable to all people. Another way is to eat nutrient supplements and fortified foods, which are suitable for people whose daily diet is not balanced enough, as well as pregnant women, nursing mothers, infants, the elderly and other special groups with high demand for certain nutrients, as well as people who have low sunshine, high-intensity exercise and physical activity, and live in special environments such as high temperature, low temperature and plateau or have specific occupations. In addition, for individuals with nutrient deficiency, it is a simple and effective method to use nutrient supplements (and at the same time, they should actively improve their diet). In short, nutritional supplements are neither a panacea nor a scourge, but one of the effective means to solve nutritional problems, provided, of course, that they are supplemented appropriately and reasonably. Nutritional supplements are necessary and beneficial for some people who cannot adhere to a balanced diet or have special nutritional needs.

At present, the use of nutrient supplements is roughly in three situations:

First, it must be supplemented, such as folic acid supplementation during pregnancy and pregnancy, vitamin D supplementation for infants, and universal iodine supplementation (iodized salt);

The second is to supplement dietary deficiency or to meet special needs, such as DHA for those with insufficient fish and shrimp intake, vitamin D for those with insufficient sun exposure, vitamin B12 for the elderly, dietary fiber for those with constipation, and protein powder for those who need a high-protein diet.

The third is abuse, no targeted supplement, follow the trend, or blindly increase the variety or dosage. These three situations are very common around us.

If anyone decides to use nutritional supplements, they should first follow the advice of relevant medical guidelines or expert consensus, and don’t abuse them blindly; Secondly, we should be targeted, make up for what is missing, make up for what is missing, and don’t overdo it. It is best to consult nutrition-related professionals, such as nutritionists, health managers or doctors.

(Source: www.pexels.com)

02

Nutrient supplements suitable for middle-aged and elderly people

Different from infants, children and pregnant women, middle-aged and elderly people are often accompanied by metabolic problems such as hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, hyperuricemia, hyperhomocysteinemia and osteoporosis. These specific problems should be fully considered in both daily diet and nutrient supplements.

With the aging of population, osteoporosis has become an important public health problem in China. The prevalence rate of osteoporosis in the population over 50 years old in China is 20.7% for women and 14.4% for men. The prevalence of osteoporosis in people over 60 years old has increased significantly, especially in women. From the perspective of preventing osteoporosis, middle-aged and elderly people should first ensure calcium intake. The recommended daily intake of calcium for adults is 800 mg, and that for people aged 50 and over is 1000 mg. We should take enough calcium through diet as much as possible, take 300 ml of milk or a considerable amount of dairy products every day, often eat soy products, and eat calcium-rich foods such as green leafy vegetables every day. When calcium intake in the diet is insufficient, calcium agents can be given to supplement it. The selection of calcium agent should consider its calcium content, safety and effectiveness. Calcium carbonate has high calcium content and high absorption rate, and is easily soluble in gastric acid. The common adverse reactions are stomach discomfort and constipation.

For bone health, vitamin D may be more important than calcium, because vitamin D can promote the absorption of intestinal calcium, promote bone mineralization, maintain muscle strength, improve balance and reduce the risk of falling. Vitamin D is mainly synthesized by skin under sunlight (ultraviolet rays). People with insufficient sunlight should pay attention to vitamin D supplementation, with 400-600 international units per day for ordinary adults and 600-800 international units for the elderly aged 65 and over. With the social and economic development and lifestyle changes, especially the reduction of outdoor living and working hours, vitamin D deficiency has become a global public health problem. Epidemiological data show that vitamin D deficiency is common in Chinese population.

Vitamin D supplementation for the elderly is also helpful to prevent and treat muscle attenuation syndrome. Serum 25- hydroxyvitamin D3 of the elderly can be detected first. If it is lower than 30 ng/ml (75 nm/l), vitamin D should be supplemented, and 600-800 international units should be supplemented every day. Adequate intake of protein is more important for the prevention and treatment of muscular dystrophy syndrome. The recommended daily intake of protein for the elderly should be maintained at 1.0 ~ 1.5g/kg (body weight) and evenly distributed among three meals a day. In addition to high-protein foods such as milk, eggs, meat, fish and shrimp, supplementing whey protein is more beneficial to prevent muscle attenuation syndrome. In addition, the elderly suffering from muscular attenuation syndrome should be properly supplemented with nutritional supplements containing a variety of antioxidant nutrients (vitamin C, vitamin E, carotenoids, selenium).

(Source: www.pexels.com)

There is also a nutrient that is closely related to the joint health of the elderly. It is glucosamine, referred to as "glucosamine", which is the main component of cartilage tissue. According to the recommendation of China Nutrition Society, for adults with joint movement injury or osteoarthritis, 1000 mg of glucosamine or 1500 mg of glucosamine sulfate/glucosamine hydrochloride should be supplemented every day.

Anemia is also common in the elderly. The survey shows that the prevalence rate of anemia in the elderly over 60 years old is 12.6%. This is related to the weakened digestive function of the elderly and the decreased absorption rate of nutrients such as iron and vitamin B12. The elderly should pay attention to the detection of blood routine (including hemoglobin). If hemoglobin is found to be lower than normal and diagnosed as iron deficiency anemia, they should take iron (according to doctor’s advice). Vitamin C supplementation can promote iron absorption and help prevent iron deficiency anemia.

The effective component of fish oil is DHA, which is an ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid, which is beneficial to the nervous system and blood lipid metabolism of middle-aged and elderly people. High-purity fish oil can reduce triglyceride in blood by 30%~40%, with little adverse reaction and good tolerance. Low dose of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids has weak lipid-lowering effect and only plays an auxiliary role. In addition, supplementing fish oil or ingesting fish rich in DHA is also helpful for the elderly who have lost muscle mass and weakened muscle function.

In addition, there are more and more clinical applications of (whey) protein powder, including patients before and after operation, severe patients, tumor radiotherapy and chemotherapy, burn patients, patients with infectious diseases, patients with wasting diseases, and elderly patients with muscle decline, all of whom advocate increasing protein supply or adopting a high-protein diet (except for patients with renal insufficiency and hepatic coma, please follow the doctor’s advice).

(Source: www.pexels.com)

03

Nutritional supplements suitable for vegetarians.

Vegetarians lack animal foods in their diets. If we don’t pay special attention to food collocation, we will easily lack protein, vitamin B12, iron, zinc and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. Vegetarians can refer to the recommendations of the healthy vegetarian model introduced later to match their diets. If the diet cannot meet the requirements of the healthy vegetarian model, they should consider supplementing protein, fish oil (omega-3 unsaturated fatty acids, DHA) and multivitamins and minerals containing iron, zinc and vitamin B12.

(Source: www.pexels.com)

04

Nutritional supplements suitable for dieters to lose weight.

All kinds of weight loss methods require direct or disguised reduction of energy intake, such as only 1200 kcal (female) or 1400 kcal (male) per day, and an average reduction of 500 kcal per day. It is often difficult for a diet to provide comprehensive and sufficient nutrients when the food intake or food types are obviously limited. At this time, you can consider supplementing multivitamins and minerals. Proper supplementation of vitamins and minerals during dieting and weight loss can not only avoid nutrient deficiency, but also avoid the effect of weight loss due to the lack of certain vitamins (such as vitamin D), minerals (such as calcium) and probiotics.

Most diets reduce energy intake (carbohydrate and fat) while ensuring protein’s intake. The high-protein (low-carbon) diet also advocates increasing protein’s intake. Supplementing protein is also a common practice of dieting and losing weight.

(Source: www.pexels.com)

05

The key to selecting nutrient supplement products

When you decide to choose a nutrient supplement, you should first choose a targeted type and appropriate dosage. The types and dosage of nutrient supplements have been mentioned above. Nutrient supplements are definitely not the more the better, the more complete the better, and you can’t choose or add them at will. If you don’t know what kind or dosage you should choose, you should consult a dietitian, health manager or doctor and follow their instructions.

In China, nutrient supplements are managed as health food, and there should be a special "police tactical unit" logo on the label of nutrient supplements that meet the requirements of health food. It is suggested that the nutrient supplement marked with "police tactical unit" should be the first choice. In addition, it is more important to choose a big brand. A good product formula is designed reasonably (in line with the needs of the corresponding population), and the types and quantities of nutrients are true and reliable, and there is no exaggeration in publicity. All nutrient supplement products should be treated with caution. If you can read the ingredient list and label, buyers or consumers should know their ingredients and attributes, avoid blind intake, and don’t be misled by product advertising. Nutrient supplements are food, not medicine, and cannot treat diseases. All nutrient supplement foods (except drugs) that claim to be able to treat diseases are suspected of violating regulations or false propaganda.

In a word, people should give priority to get all kinds of nutrients from the diet, and the body’s needs for nutrients can be met through reasonable dietary collocation. When the diet can’t meet the needs of nutrients, we can choose appropriate nutrient supplements according to our own physiological characteristics and real needs.

Editorial Department of China Clinical Nutrition Network

Read the original text

This afternoon, many netizens reported that Netease Cloud Music "collapsed" and related topics boarded the hot search.

At about 15 o’clock in the picture, Netease Cloud Music official website could not be opened.

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The song playing page shows "server error", and the song cannot be played normally.

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Hello, everyone, due to infrastructure failure, all ends of Netease Cloud Music can’t be used normally. We are stepping up the repair, and we are very sorry. Thank you for waiting.

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Dear_bolly: I doubt the internet, but I don’t doubt you!

decree of the state council of the people’s republic of china　

sequence　658　number

　　The Regulations on the Implementation of the Government Procurement Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC), which was adopted at the 75th executive meeting of the State Council on December 31, 2014, is hereby promulgated and shall come into force as of March 1, 2015.

General manager Li Keqiang

January 30, 2015

　

Regulations of People’s Republic of China (PRC) Municipality on the Implementation of the Government Procurement Law　

Chapter I General Principles

　　the first　According to the People’s Republic of China (PRC) Municipal Government Procurement Law (hereinafter referred to as the Government Procurement Law), these Regulations are formulated.

　　the second　The fiscal funds mentioned in Article 2 of the Government Procurement Law refer to the funds included in the budget management.

　　Borrowing funds with fiscal funds as repayment sources are regarded as fiscal funds.

　　Where the procurement projects organized by state organs, institutions and organizations use both fiscal funds and non-fiscal funds, the government procurement law and these regulations shall apply to the part purchased with fiscal funds; Where financial funds and non-financial funds cannot be purchased separately, the Government Procurement Law and these Regulations shall be uniformly applied.

　　The services mentioned in Article 2 of the Government Procurement Law include services required by the government itself and public services provided by the government to the public.

　　Article　The centralized procurement catalogue includes centralized procurement projects of institutions and centralized procurement projects of departments.

　　Projects with uniform standards of technology and services and commonly used by purchasers are listed as procurement projects of centralized procurement institutions; Items that the purchaser has special requirements for the department and the system based on business needs and can be purchased in a unified way are listed as departmental centralized procurement items.

　　Article 4　The term "centralized procurement" as mentioned in the government procurement law refers to the act that the purchaser entrusts the centralized procurement agency to purchase the projects listed in the centralized procurement catalogue or conducts centralized procurement by departments; The so-called decentralized procurement refers to the behavior of the purchaser to purchase the items above the procurement limit that are not listed in the centralized procurement catalogue by himself or entrust a procurement agency to purchase on his behalf.

　　Article 5　The people’s governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government or their authorized institutions may, according to the actual situation, determine the centralized procurement catalogue and procurement quota standards that are respectively applicable to the provinces, districts, cities and counties in their respective administrative regions.

　　Article 6　The financial department of the State Council shall, in accordance with the national economic and social development policies, formulate government procurement policies jointly with relevant departments of the State Council, and achieve the goals of saving energy, protecting the environment, supporting underdeveloped areas and ethnic minority areas, and promoting the development of small and medium-sized enterprises through measures such as formulating procurement demand standards, reserving procurement shares, preferential price evaluation, and giving priority to procurement.

　　Article 7　Government procurement projects and goods and services related to project construction, which are purchased by means of bidding, shall be governed by the Bidding Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) and its implementing regulations; Procurement by other means shall be governed by the Government Procurement Law and these Regulations.

　　The project mentioned in the preceding paragraph refers to construction projects, including the new construction, reconstruction and expansion of buildings and structures and their related decoration, demolition and repair; The goods related to the project construction refer to the equipment and materials that constitute an integral part of the project and are necessary to realize the basic functions of the project; The services related to the project construction refer to the services such as survey, design and supervision required for the completion of the project.

　　Government procurement projects and goods and services related to project construction shall implement the government procurement policy.

　　Article 8　Government procurement project information shall be published in the media designated by the financial department of the people’s government at or above the provincial level. If the budget amount of procurement projects reaches the standard set by the financial department of the State Council, the information of government procurement projects shall be published in the media designated by the financial department of the State Council.

　　Article 9　In government procurement activities, if the purchaser and related personnel have one of the following interests with the supplier, they should avoid it:

　　(1) Having labor relations with suppliers within 3 years before participating in procurement activities;

　　(2) Being a director or supervisor of a supplier within 3 years before participating in procurement activities;

　　(3) Being the controlling shareholder or actual controller of the supplier within 3 years before participating in procurement activities;

　　(4) Having husband and wife, lineal blood relatives, collateral blood relatives within three generations or close in-laws with the legal representative or person in charge of the supplier;

　　(five) there are other relationships with suppliers that may affect the fairness and impartiality of government procurement activities.

　　If the supplier believes that the purchaser and related personnel have an interest relationship with other suppliers, he may submit a written application for withdrawal to the purchaser or procurement agency, and explain the reasons. The purchaser or procurement agency shall promptly ask the applicant for withdrawal, and the interested applicant shall withdraw.

　　Article 10　The state implements unified standards for the construction of electronic trading platforms for government procurement, and promotes the use of information networks for electronic government procurement activities.

Chapter II Parties to Government Procurement

　　Article 11　In government procurement activities, purchasers should safeguard national interests and social public interests, be fair and honest, be honest and trustworthy, implement government procurement policies, establish internal management systems for government procurement, practise economy, and scientifically and reasonably determine procurement requirements.

　　The purchaser shall not ask or accept gifts, kickbacks or other goods and services unrelated to the procurement from the supplier.

　　Article 12　The procurement agency mentioned in the government procurement law refers to centralized procurement agencies and procurement agencies other than centralized procurement agencies.

　　The centralized procurement institution is a non-profit enterprise legal person established by the people’s government at or above the municipal level with districts according to law, and it is the executing agency for centralized procurement projects. Centralized procurement institutions shall formulate the implementation plan of centralized procurement projects according to the entrustment of the purchaser, clarify the procurement procedures, organize government procurement activities, and shall not delegate centralized procurement projects. Procurement agencies other than centralized procurement agencies are social intermediaries engaged in procurement agency business.

　　Article 13　The procurement agency shall establish a sound internal supervision and management system for government procurement, and have the evaluation conditions and facilities required for conducting government procurement business.

　　The procurement agency shall improve the professional service level of determining procurement demand, preparing bidding documents, negotiation documents and inquiry notices, drafting contract texts and optimizing procurement procedures, organize the purchaser to sign government procurement contracts with the suppliers who have won the bid or clinched the deal within the specified time according to the entrustment of the purchaser, and assist the purchaser to check and accept the procurement projects in time.

　　Article 14　Procurement agencies shall not obtain government procurement agency business by improper means, and shall not maliciously collude with purchasers and suppliers to manipulate government procurement activities.

　　The staff of a procurement agency shall not accept banquets, tours or entertainments organized by purchasers or suppliers, or accept gifts, cash, securities, etc., or reimburse the purchasers or suppliers for expenses that should be borne by individuals.

　　Article 15　The purchaser and the procurement agency shall prepare the procurement documents according to the government procurement policy, procurement budget and procurement demand.

　　The procurement demand shall meet the requirements of technology, service and safety stipulated by laws and regulations and government procurement policies. The public service projects provided by the government to the public shall solicit the opinions of the public on determining the procurement demand. Unless the detailed specifications or specific requirements cannot be determined due to technical complexity or special nature, the procurement requirements shall be complete and clear. When necessary, the opinions of relevant suppliers and experts shall be sought for determining the procurement demand.

　　Article 16　The principal-agent agreement stipulated in Article 20 of the Government Procurement Law shall specify the scope, authority and duration of agency procurement and other specific matters.

　　The purchaser and the procurement agency shall perform their respective obligations in accordance with the agency agreement, and the procurement agency shall not exceed the agency authority.

　　Article 17　Suppliers participating in government procurement activities shall meet the conditions stipulated in the first paragraph of Article 22 of the Government Procurement Law and provide the following materials:

　　(a) the business license of the legal person or other organization and other supporting documents, and the identity certificate of the natural person;

　　(two) financial status report, relevant materials to pay taxes and social security funds according to law;

　　(3) Proof that it has the necessary equipment and professional technical ability to perform the contract;

　　(four) a written statement that there is no major illegal record in the business activities within 3 years before participating in government procurement activities;

　　(5) Certification materials that meet other conditions as prescribed by laws and administrative regulations.

　　If the procurement project has special requirements, the supplier shall also provide the certification materials or explanations of the situation that meet the special requirements.

　　Article 18　The person in charge of the unit is the same person or different suppliers with direct holding and management relations, and may not participate in government procurement activities under the same contract.

　　Except for single-source procurement projects, suppliers who provide overall design, specification preparation or project management, supervision and testing services for the procurement projects shall not participate in other procurement activities of the procurement projects.

　　Article 19　The major illegal record mentioned in Item 5, Paragraph 1 of Article 22 of the Government Procurement Law refers to the administrative punishment such as the criminal punishment or the order to stop production or business, the revocation of the license or license, and a relatively large fine imposed on the supplier for illegal business.

　　Suppliers are prohibited from participating in government procurement activities within a certain period of time due to illegal business operations within three years before participating in government procurement activities. If the period expires, they can participate in government procurement activities.

　　Article 20　In any of the following circumstances, the purchaser or the procurement agency shall treat the supplier differently or discriminately under unreasonable conditions:

　　(1) Providing suppliers with different project information for the same procurement project;

　　(2) The qualifications, technology and business conditions set are not suitable for the specific characteristics and actual needs of the procurement project or have nothing to do with the performance of the contract;

　　(3) The technical and service requirements in the procurement demand point to specific suppliers and products;

　　(4) Taking the achievements and awards of a specific administrative region or a specific industry as the conditions for extra points or winning the bid or closing the transaction;

　　(five) adopt different qualification examination or evaluation standards for suppliers;

　　(6) Limiting or designating specific patents, trademarks, brands or suppliers;

　　(seven) illegally limiting the ownership form, organization form or location of suppliers;

　　(eight) to restrict or exclude potential suppliers by other unreasonable conditions.

　　Article 21　Where the purchaser or procurement agency prequalifies the supplier, the prequalification announcement shall be published in the media designated by the financial department of the people’s government at or above the provincial level. If the pre-qualification has been conducted, the supplier qualification can no longer be reviewed in the review stage. If the pre-qualified supplier’s qualification changes during the review stage, it shall notify the purchaser and the procurement agency.

　　The prequalification announcement shall include the name of the purchaser and the procurement project, the procurement demand, the qualification requirements for the supplier, and the time and place when the supplier submits the prequalification application documents. The time for submitting pre-qualification application documents shall not be less than 5 working days from the date of announcement.

　　Article 22　If suppliers with similar qualifications in the consortium undertake the same work according to the division of labor of the consortium, the qualification grade shall be determined according to the suppliers with lower qualification grade.

　　Where a consortium participates in government procurement activities, the parties to the consortium shall not participate in government procurement activities under the same contract alone or in another consortium with other suppliers.

Chapter III Methods of Government Procurement

　　Article 23　If the purchaser purchases goods or services above the standard of public bidding amount, which meets the provisions of Articles 29, 30, 31 and 32 of the Government Procurement Law, or it is necessary to implement government procurement policies and other special circumstances, with the approval of the financial department of the people’s government at or above the municipal level with districts, the procurement method other than public bidding can be adopted according to law.

　　Article 24　If the projects listed in the centralized procurement catalogue are suitable for batch centralized procurement, they shall be subject to batch centralized procurement, except for emergency small and sporadic goods projects and services and engineering projects with special requirements.

　　Article 25　If the government procurement project is not subject to tender according to law, it shall be procured by competitive negotiation or single-source procurement as stipulated in the Government Procurement Law and these Regulations.

　　Article 26　The circumstances specified in Item 3 of Article 30 of the Government Procurement Law shall be unforeseeable by the purchaser or not caused by the purchaser’s delay; The circumstances specified in the fourth paragraph refer to the failure to calculate the total price in advance due to the purchase of works of art, patents, proprietary technology or the uncertainty of the time and quantity of services in advance.

　　Article 27　The situation stipulated in the first paragraph of Article 31 of the Government Procurement Law refers to the fact that goods or services can only be purchased from a specific supplier because of the use of irreplaceable patents and proprietary technologies or the special requirements of public service projects.

　　Article 28　In a fiscal year, if the purchaser purchases goods and services of the same item or category under a budget item for many times by means other than public bidding, and the accumulated amount of funds exceeds the standard of public bidding amount, it is a way to avoid public bidding by breaking up the whole into parts, except that the project budget is adjusted or the procurement is approved by means other than public bidding.

Chapter IV Government Procurement Procedures

　　Article 29　The purchaser shall prepare the government procurement implementation plan according to the centralized procurement catalogue, the procurement quota standard and the approved departmental budget, and report it to the financial department of the people’s government at the same level for the record.

　　Article 30　The purchaser or procurement agency shall disclose the budget amount of the procurement project in the tender documents, negotiation documents and inquiry notice.

　　Article 31　The provision period of the tender documents shall not be less than 5 working days from the date when the tender documents are issued.

　　The purchaser or procurement agency may make necessary clarifications or modifications to the issued bidding documents. If the clarification or modification may affect the preparation of bidding documents, the purchaser or procurement agency shall notify all potential bidders who have obtained the bidding documents in writing at least 15 days before the deadline for bidding; If it is less than 15 days, the purchaser or procurement agency shall postpone the deadline for submission of bid documents.

　　Article 32　The purchaser or procurement agency shall prepare the tender documents in accordance with the standard text of the tender documents formulated by the finance department of the State Council.

　　The tender documents shall include the commercial conditions, procurement requirements, qualifications of bidders, bid quotation requirements, bid evaluation methods, bid evaluation standards and the text of the contract to be signed.

　　Article 33　If the tender documents require bidders to submit a bid bond, the bid bond shall not exceed 2% of the budgeted amount of the procurement project. The bid bond shall be submitted in non-cash form such as cheque, bill of exchange, promissory note or letter of guarantee issued by financial institutions and guarantee institutions. If the bidder fails to submit the bid bond in accordance with the requirements of the tender documents, the bid is invalid.

　　The purchaser or procurement agency shall return the bid bond of the unsuccessful supplier within 5 working days from the date of issuing the bid-winning notice, and the bid bond of the successful supplier within 5 working days from the date of signing the government procurement contract.

　　Where the supplier participating in the negotiation or inquiry is required to submit a deposit in competitive negotiation or inquiry procurement, the provisions of the preceding two paragraphs shall apply mutatis mutandis.

　　Article 34　The evaluation methods of government procurement bidding are divided into the lowest evaluation price method and the comprehensive evaluation method.

　　The lowest bid evaluation method refers to the bid evaluation method in which the tender documents meet all the substantive requirements of the tender documents and the supplier with the lowest bid price is the candidate for winning the bid. Comprehensive evaluation method refers to the bid evaluation method that the bidding documents meet all the substantive requirements of the bidding documents and the supplier with the highest score is the candidate for winning the bid according to the quantitative indicators of the evaluation factors.

　　The lowest bid evaluation method shall be adopted for goods and services with uniform standards such as technology and services.

　　If the comprehensive scoring method is adopted, the score setting in the evaluation criteria should correspond to the quantitative indicators of the evaluation factors.

　　The evaluation criteria not specified in the tender documents shall not be used as the basis for evaluation.

　　Article 35　If the negotiation documents can’t completely and clearly list the procurement requirements, and the suppliers need to provide the final design scheme or solution, after the negotiation, the negotiating team shall vote and recommend the design schemes or solutions of more than three suppliers according to the principle that the minority is subordinate to the majority, and ask them to submit the final quotation within the specified time.

　　Article 36　The notice of inquiry shall determine the terms of the government procurement contract according to the procurement demand. In the process of inquiry, the inquiry team shall not change the terms of the government procurement contract determined in the inquiry notice.

　　Article 37　The equality of quality and service mentioned in Item 5 of Article 38 and Item 4 of Article 40 of the Government Procurement Law means that the product quality and service provided by the supplier can meet the substantive requirements specified in the procurement documents.

　　Article 38　Meet the standard of open tender amount, in line with the provisions of the first paragraph of Article 31 of the Government Procurement Law, and can only purchase from a sole supplier, the purchaser shall publicize the information of the procurement project and the name of the sole supplier in the media designated by the financial department of the people’s government at or above the provincial level, and the publicity period shall not be less than 5 working days.

　　Article 39　In addition to the provisions of the the State Council municipal finance department, the purchaser or procurement agency shall randomly select the evaluation experts from the government procurement evaluation expert database.

　　Article 40　Government procurement review experts shall abide by the review work discipline and shall not disclose the review documents, the review situation and the business secrets learned during the review.

　　The bid evaluation committee, the competitive negotiation team or the inquiry team shall report to the financial department in a timely manner if they find that the supplier has committed illegal acts such as bribery, providing false materials or colluding.

　　Government procurement review experts who are illegally interfered in the review process shall promptly report to the finance and supervision departments.

　　Article 41　The members of the bid evaluation committee, the competitive negotiation team or the inquiry team shall conduct independent evaluation in accordance with the principles of objectivity, impartiality and prudence, and according to the evaluation procedures, evaluation methods and evaluation standards stipulated in the procurement documents. If the contents of procurement documents violate the relevant mandatory provisions of the state, the bid evaluation committee, competitive negotiation team or inquiry team shall stop the evaluation and explain the situation to the purchaser or procurement agency.

　　Members of the bid evaluation committee, competitive negotiation team or inquiry team shall sign the evaluation report and bear legal responsibility for their own evaluation opinions. If there is any objection to the review report, it shall sign different opinions on the review report and explain the reasons, otherwise it shall be deemed as agreeing to the review report.

　　Article 42　The purchaser and procurement agency shall not make tendentious and misleading explanations or explanations to the evaluation experts of the bid evaluation committee, competitive negotiation team or inquiry team.

　　Article 43　The procurement agency shall send the review report to the purchaser within 2 working days from the end of the review. The purchaser shall, within 5 working days from the date of receiving the evaluation report, determine the successful bidder or the successful supplier in sequence among the successful bidder or the successful bidder recommended by the evaluation report.

　　The purchaser or procurement agency shall, within 2 working days from the date of determining the supplier who won the bid and clinched the deal, issue a notice of winning the bid and clinched the deal, and announce the result of winning the bid and clinched the deal in the media designated by the financial department of the people’s government at or above the provincial level. The tender documents, competitive negotiation documents and inquiry notice shall be announced at the same time with the result of winning the bid and clinched the deal.

　　The contents of the announcement of the bid-winning and transaction results shall include the names, addresses and contact information of the purchaser and the procurement agency, the project name and project number, the name and address of the bid-winning or transaction supplier and the bid-winning or transaction amount, the name, specifications, quantity, unit price, service requirements and the list of evaluation experts of the main bid-winning or transaction targets.

　　Article 44　Except as stipulated by the financial department of the State Council, the purchaser and the procurement agency shall not organize re-evaluation for any reason. Where a purchaser or procurement agency organizes a re-evaluation in accordance with the provisions of the financial department of the State Council, it shall report in writing to the financial department of the people’s government at the corresponding level.

　　The purchaser or procurement agency shall not change the evaluation results by testing samples or inspecting suppliers.

　　Article 45　The purchaser or procurement agency shall, in accordance with the technical, service and safety standards stipulated in the government procurement contract, organize the acceptance of the supplier’s performance and issue an acceptance letter. The acceptance letter shall include the performance of each technology, service and safety standard.

　　The public service projects provided by the government to the public shall invite the clients to participate in the acceptance and issue opinions, and the acceptance results shall be announced to the public.

　　Article 46　The procurement documents stipulated in Article 42 of the Government Procurement Law may be kept in electronic files.

Chapter V Government Procurement Contracts

　　Article 47　The financial department of the State Council shall, jointly with the relevant departments of the State Council, formulate the standard text of government procurement contracts.

　　Article 48　If the procurement documents require the supplier who wins the bid or clinches the deal to submit the performance bond, the supplier shall submit it in non-cash form such as check, draft, promissory note or letter of guarantee issued by financial institutions and guarantee institutions. The amount of the performance bond shall not exceed 10% of the amount of the government procurement contract.

　　Article 49　If the supplier who won the bid or clinched a deal refuses to sign a contract with the purchaser, the purchaser can sort the list of candidates who won the bid or clinched a deal recommended by the evaluation report, determine the next candidate as the supplier who won the bid or clinched a deal, or restart government procurement activities.

　　Article 50　The purchaser shall, within 2 working days from the date of signing the government procurement contract, announce the government procurement contract in the media designated by the financial department of the people’s government at or above the provincial level, except for the contents involving state secrets and commercial secrets in the government procurement contract.

　　Article 51　The purchaser shall, in accordance with the provisions of the government procurement contract, pay the procurement funds to the supplier who wins the bid or clinches the deal in time.

　　The procedures for the payment of funds for government procurement projects shall be implemented in accordance with the relevant provisions of the state on the management of financial funds payment.

Chapter VI Queries and Complaints

　　Article 52　The purchaser or procurement agency shall, within 3 working days, reply to the inquiries made by the supplier according to law.

　　If the inquiry or query raised by the supplier is beyond the scope authorized by the purchaser to the procurement agency, the procurement agency shall inform the supplier to raise it with the purchaser.

　　Government procurement review experts shall cooperate with the purchaser or procurement agency to answer the supplier’s inquiries and questions.

　　Article 53　The date when the supplier should know that his rights and interests are damaged as stipulated in Article 52 of the Government Procurement Law refers to:

　　(1) If the procurement documents that can be questioned are questioned, it shall be the date of receipt of the procurement documents or the date of expiration of the announcement period of the procurement documents;

　　(2) If the procurement process is questioned, it shall be the date when each procurement procedure link ends;

　　(3) If the bid-winning or transaction result is questioned, it shall be the date when the announcement period of the bid-winning or transaction result expires.

　　Article 54　If the inquiry or question may affect the result of winning the bid and closing the transaction, the purchaser shall suspend the signing of the contract, and if the contract has been signed, the performance of the contract shall be suspended.

　　Article 55　The supplier’s queries and complaints shall have clear requests and necessary supporting materials. The matters complained by the supplier shall not exceed the scope of the questioned matters.

　　Article 56　The financial department shall handle the complaints in the form of written examination, and may conduct investigation and evidence collection or organize cross-examination when necessary.

　　For the investigation and evidence collection conducted by the financial department according to law, the complainant and the parties concerned with the complaint shall truthfully reflect the situation and provide relevant materials.

　　Article 57　If the complainant fabricates facts, provides false materials or obtains proof materials by illegal means to make a complaint, the financial department shall reject it.

　　After the financial department accepts the complaint, if the complainant applies in writing to withdraw the complaint, the financial department shall terminate the complaint handling procedure.

　　Article 58　If the financial department needs inspection, testing, appraisal, expert review and the complainant’s supplementary materials when handling complaints, the time required shall not be counted in the complaint handling period.

　　The decision made by the financial department on the handling of complaints shall be announced in the media designated by the financial department of the people’s government at or above the provincial level.

Chapter VII Supervision and Inspection

　　Article 59　The procurement standards of government procurement projects mentioned in Article 63 of the Government Procurement Law refer to the budget standards, asset allocation standards, technology and service standards on which project procurement is based.

　　Article 60　In addition to the assessment items stipulated in Article 66 of the Government Procurement Law, the assessment items of centralized procurement institutions by the financial department also include:

　　(a) the implementation of government procurement policies;

　　(two) the level of procurement documents;

　　(three) the implementation of procurement methods and procedures;

　　(four) to ask and question the reply;

　　(five) the construction and implementation of internal supervision and management system;

　　(six) other matters stipulated by the financial department of the people’s government at or above the provincial level.

　　The financial department shall formulate an assessment plan, regularly assess the centralized procurement institutions, and report to the people’s government at the corresponding level if the assessment results are important.

　　Article 61　If the purchaser finds that the procurement agency has violated the law, he shall ask it to correct it. If the procurement agency refuses to make corrections, the purchaser shall report to the financial department of the people’s government at the corresponding level, and the financial department shall handle it according to law.

　　If the procurement agency finds that the purchaser’s procurement needs are treated differently or discriminately against suppliers under unreasonable conditions or other contents that do not conform to laws, regulations and government procurement policies, or finds that the purchaser has other illegal acts, it shall advise it to correct it. If the purchaser refuses to make corrections, the procurement agency shall report to the financial department of the people’s government at the same level of the purchaser, and the financial department shall handle it according to law.

　　Article 62　The financial department of the people’s government at or above the provincial level shall implement dynamic management of the expert database of government procurement evaluation, and the specific management measures shall be formulated by the financial department of the State Council.

　　The purchaser or procurement agency shall record the performance of the duties of the evaluation experts in government procurement activities and report to the financial department in a timely manner.

　　Article 63　The financial departments of the people’s governments at all levels and other relevant departments shall strengthen the supervision and management of suppliers, procurement agencies and evaluation experts who participate in government procurement activities, record their bad behaviors and incorporate them into a unified credit information platform.

　　Article 64　The financial departments of the people’s governments at all levels shall supervise and inspect the government procurement activities, and have the right to consult and copy the relevant documents and materials, and the relevant units and personnel shall cooperate with them.

　　Article 65　Audit institutions, supervisory organs and other relevant departments shall supervise the government procurement activities according to law, and shall notify the financial department in a timely manner if they find that the procurement parties have violated the law.

Chapter VIII Legal Liability

　　Article 66　The fine stipulated in Article 71 of the Government Procurement Law is less than 100,000 yuan.

　　The fine stipulated in Article 72 of the Government Procurement Law is between 50,000 yuan and 250,000 yuan.

　　Article 67　If the purchaser has any of the following circumstances, the financial department shall order it to make corrections within a time limit, give a warning, and punish the directly responsible person in charge and other directly responsible personnel according to law, and notify them:

　　(a) failing to prepare the implementation plan of government procurement in accordance with the provisions or failing to report the implementation plan of government procurement to the financial department of the people’s government at the corresponding level for the record;

　　(two) to break up the projects that should be subject to public bidding or to avoid public bidding in any other way;

　　(3) Failing to determine the successful bidder or the successful supplier among the successful bidder or the successful bidder recommended by the bid evaluation committee, the competitive negotiation team or the inquiry team;

　　(four) did not sign the government procurement contract in accordance with the matters specified in the procurement documents;

　　(five) the purchase amount of goods, projects or services that are the same as the subject matter of the contract in the performance of the government procurement contract exceeds 10% of the original contract purchase amount;

　　(six) to change, suspend or terminate the government procurement contract without authorization;

　　(seven) failing to announce the government procurement contract in accordance with the provisions;

　　(eight) failing to submit a copy of the government procurement contract to the financial department of the people’s government at the same level and the relevant departments for the record in accordance with the prescribed time.

　　Article 68　If a purchaser or a procurement agency is under any of the following circumstances, it shall be investigated for legal responsibility in accordance with the provisions of Articles 71 and 78 of the Government Procurement Law:

　　(a) not in accordance with the provisions of the government procurement law and these regulations to implement the procurement;

　　(two) the government procurement project information is not released in the designated media according to law;

　　(3) Failing to implement government procurement policies in accordance with regulations;

　　(four) in violation of the provisions of article fifteenth of these regulations, it is impossible to organize the acceptance of the supplier’s performance or the state property suffers losses;

　　(five) failing to extract experts from the expert database of government procurement evaluation according to law;

　　(six) illegal intervention in procurement evaluation activities;

　　(seven) when the comprehensive scoring method is adopted, the score setting in the evaluation standard does not correspond to the quantitative index of the evaluation factors;

　　(8) Failing to deal with the supplier’s inquiries and queries within the time limit;

　　(nine) to change the evaluation results by testing samples and inspecting suppliers;

　　(10) Failing to organize the acceptance of suppliers’ performance in accordance with regulations.

　　Article 69　Under any of the following circumstances, the centralized procurement institution shall be ordered by the financial department to make corrections within a time limit and given a warning. If there are illegal gains, the illegal gains shall be confiscated, and the directly responsible person in charge and other directly responsible personnel shall be punished according to law and informed:

　　(a) the internal supervision and management system is not perfect, and the posts and personnel that should be separated according to law are not separated or separated;

　　(2) Entrusting centralized procurement projects to other procurement agencies for procurement;

　　(3) engaging in profit-making activities.

　　Article 70　If the purchaser has an interest with the supplier and fails to avoid it according to law, the financial department shall give him a warning and impose a fine of more than 2,000 yuan and less than 20,000 yuan.

　　Article 71　One of the illegal acts stipulated in Articles 71 and 72 of the Government Procurement Law, which affects or may affect the bid winning and transaction results, shall be handled in accordance with the following provisions:

　　(1) If the supplier who won the bid or clinched the deal has not been determined, the government procurement activities shall be terminated and resumed.

　　(2) If the supplier who has won the bid or clinched a deal has not yet signed a government procurement contract, the result of winning the bid or clinched a deal is invalid, and the supplier who won the bid or clinched a deal shall be determined separately from the qualified candidates; If there are no qualified candidates for winning the bid or closing the transaction, the government procurement activities will be re-launched.

　　(three) the government procurement contract has been signed but not yet fulfilled, the contract is cancelled, and the successful bidder or the successful bidder is determined from the qualified candidates; If there are no qualified candidates for winning the bid or closing the transaction, the government procurement activities will be re-launched.

　　(four) the government procurement contract has been performed, causing losses to the purchaser and supplier, and the responsible person shall be liable for compensation.

　　If the parties involved in government procurement have other acts that violate the government procurement law or the provisions of these regulations, and the results of winning the bid or closing the transaction are still or may be affected after correction, or they are deemed as winning the bid or closing the transaction invalid according to law, they shall be dealt with in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph.

　　Article 72　In any of the following circumstances, the supplier shall be investigated for legal responsibility in accordance with the provisions of the first paragraph of Article 77 of the Government Procurement Law:

　　(1) Bribing bribes or providing other illegitimate interests to members of the bid evaluation committee, competitive negotiation team or inquiry team;

　　(two) refusing to sign a government procurement contract with the purchaser without justifiable reasons after winning the bid or closing the transaction;

　　(three) did not sign the government procurement contract in accordance with the matters specified in the procurement documents;

　　(4) Subcontracting government procurement contracts;

　　(5) Providing fake and inferior products;

　　(six) to change, suspend or terminate the government procurement contract without authorization.

　　If the supplier has the circumstances specified in the first paragraph of the preceding paragraph, the bid winning and transaction is invalid. If the qualification changes in the evaluation stage, and the supplier fails to notify the purchaser and the procurement agency in accordance with the provisions of Article 21 of these regulations, a fine of 5‰ of the purchase amount will be imposed, which will be included in the list of bad behavior records, and the bid and transaction will be invalid.

　　Article 73　Suppliers who fabricate facts, provide false materials or obtain certification materials by illegal means to make complaints shall be included in the list of bad behavior records by the financial department and prohibited from participating in government procurement activities within one to three years.

　　Article 74　Under any of the following circumstances, it is malicious collusion, and the supplier shall be investigated for legal responsibility in accordance with the provisions of the first paragraph of Article 77 of the Government Procurement Law, and the purchaser, procurement agency and their staff shall be investigated for legal responsibility in accordance with the provisions of Article 72 of the Government Procurement Law:

　　(a) the supplier directly or indirectly obtains the relevant information of other suppliers from the purchaser or the procurement agency and modifies their bidding documents or response documents;

　　(2) The supplier replaces or modifies the bidding documents or response documents according to the instructions of the purchaser or procurement agency;

　　(3) The substantive contents of bidding documents or response documents such as negotiated quotations and technical schemes among suppliers;

　　(four) suppliers belonging to the same group, association, chamber of commerce and other organizations participate in government procurement activities in accordance with the requirements of the organization;

　　(five) the suppliers agreed in advance that a specific supplier would win the bid and clinch the deal;

　　(six) it is agreed between suppliers that some suppliers will give up participating in government procurement activities or giving up winning the bid and closing the deal;

　　(seven) other collusion between suppliers and purchasers or procurement agencies, and between suppliers, in order to seek a specific supplier to win the bid, clinch a deal or exclude other suppliers.

　　Article 75　Government procurement review experts who fail to conduct independent review or disclose the review documents and review situation in accordance with the review procedures, methods and standards stipulated in the procurement documents shall be given a warning by the financial department and fined between 2,000 yuan and 20,000 yuan; Those who affect the bid-winning and transaction results will be fined between 20,000 yuan and 50,000 yuan, and will be prohibited from participating in government procurement evaluation activities.

　　If there is an interest relationship between government procurement evaluation experts and suppliers, they will be fined between 20,000 yuan and 50,000 yuan, and they will be prohibited from participating in government procurement evaluation activities.

　　Government procurement review experts who accept bribes from purchasers, procurement agencies and suppliers or obtain other illegitimate interests, which constitutes a crime, shall be investigated for criminal responsibility according to law; If it does not constitute a crime, it shall be fined between 20,000 yuan and 50,000 yuan, and it shall be prohibited from participating in government procurement evaluation activities.

　　Government procurement review experts have the above-mentioned illegal acts, their review opinions are invalid, and they may not obtain review fees; Illegal income, confiscate the illegal income; If losses are caused to others, they shall bear civil liability according to law.

　　Article 76　If a party to government procurement violates the provisions of the Government Procurement Law and these Regulations and causes losses to others, he shall bear civil liability according to law.

　　Article 77　If the financial department violates the provisions of the government procurement law and this Ordinance in performing the duties of government procurement supervision and management, abuses his power, neglects his duty or engages in malpractices for personal gain, the directly responsible person in charge and other directly responsible personnel shall be punished according to law; If the directly responsible person in charge and other directly responsible personnel constitute a crime, they shall be investigated for criminal responsibility according to law.

Chapter IX Supplementary Provisions

　　Article 78　The people’s government at the county level, which implements the direct management of the province in financial management, may, according to the needs and with the approval of the provincial people’s government, exercise the functions and powers of the municipal people’s government with districts as stipulated in the government procurement law and these regulations to approve the change of procurement methods.

　　Article 79　These Regulations shall come into force as of March 1, 2015.

Panel data (panel　Data) is the data collected by different observation objects in different time periods or time points, describing the changes of multiple observation objects with time. For example, the GDP of all provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities in China from 2010 to 2020. For panel data, if only a certain time period or time point is considered, it is cross-sectional data; If only one observation object is considered, it is time series data.

　　

Member Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference, Director of Lee Kum Kee Group and Chairman of Lee Kum Kee Health Products Group Li Huisen.

　　Cctv news(Reporter Li Yinan) At the two sessions of the National People’s Congress in 2021, Li Huisen, member of Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference, director of Lee Kum Kee Group and chairman of Lee Kum Kee Health Products Group, submitted two proposals, namely, Proposal on Incorporating Young Entrepreneurs into the National Master Plan for Talent Cultivation and Proposal on Further Promoting the Scientific Development of Chinese Medicine Health Industry.

　　Strengthening planning and design to cultivate young entrepreneurs’ social responsibility and entrepreneurial spirit

　　After decades of reform and opening up, most of the "entrepreneurial generation" have entered the twilight years, and the "entrepreneurial second generation" entrepreneurs have begun to emerge. Li Huisen said that in the face of increasingly complex international and domestic environment, whether the younger generation can successfully take over and become qualified successors, promoters, reformers and entrepreneurs of the older generation of entrepreneurs will largely determine the future of China family businesses and will also have an important impact on the sustained and healthy economic development of China.

　　"Family business accounts for about 80% of private enterprises, and it has become a force that cannot be ignored in China’s economic system." Li Huisen said that in the face of intergenerational replacement of family businesses, the younger generation should not only inherit wealth, but also inherit entrepreneurship. He believes that the education and training of young entrepreneurs is not a family matter or a private matter of family business, but a major event and important matter related to the economic and social development of the party and the country.

　　Li Huisen said that the younger generation of entrepreneurs need more guidance and training in social responsibility and entrepreneurship. "Due to the differences in growth environment, life experience, knowledge structure and values, there is a generation gap between the two generations of family businesses, which is not conducive to young people to form correct values in the process of inheritance. The younger generation has high academic qualifications, high starting point and active thoughts, but they have less practical experience, great pressure and weak sense of social responsibility. " To this end, he proposed that the training of the younger generation of entrepreneurs should be included in the overall national talent training plan, and a training base for the younger generation of family businesses should be established to create a practical education platform. Support and standardize the existing professional communication platform for family businesses, and form a benign ecological system by cooperating and promoting social organizations and various professional institutions with the support of the government and spontaneously established by the younger generation on the basis of forming a common goal.

　　At the same time, Li Huisen suggested that the government should take the lead in organizing interactive and experiential activities, and help the younger generation of family businesses to establish the values of "we are greater than me" by means of cross-regional, cross-generational and cross-industry sharing and exchanges with family business organizations, and guide them to inherit and carry forward the fine style of the older generation of entrepreneurs, so as to get rich, think ahead and contribute to society.

　　"We should also give play to the exemplary role of advanced models, establish archives of the younger generation of representatives of the non-public sector of the economy, increase political propaganda for particularly outstanding representatives, conduct typical interviews with the younger generation of entrepreneurs, and encourage more younger generations to strengthen their ideals and beliefs and promote entrepreneurship." Li Huisen said.

　　Promote the development of industrial science and realize the social co-governance of Chinese medicine health industry

　　"Traditional Chinese medicine is a treasure of the Chinese nation, an important health resource, an excellent cultural resource, a potential economic resource and a scientific and technological resource with original advantages." Li Huisen said that the health industry is connected with people’s livelihood and economic development at one end. With the development of social economy, people’s health awareness has improved, especially with the change of disease spectrum, the arrival of an aging society and the change of lifestyle, the importance of the health industry is self-evident.

　　In recent years, the state has given priority to the protection of people’s health, and issued a series of policies to comprehensively promote the construction of a healthy China, so that the health industry can develop rapidly. In 2020, the scale of Chinese medicine health industry will exceed 3 trillion yuan, and Chinese medicine health has become one of the industries with the most development potential.

　　Li Huisen said that with the continuous growth of people’s health demand and the rapid expansion of market scale, there is still room and necessity for innovation and deepening in strengthening scientific supervision of Chinese medicine health industry, expanding Chinese medicine cultural propaganda and rationally safeguarding consumers’ rights and interests. Therefore, in the Proposal on Further Promoting the Scientific Development of Chinese Medicine Health Industry, Li Huisen proposed that the scientific development of Chinese medicine health industry can be promoted from four aspects.

　　One is to strengthen the strategic planning of Chinese medicine health industry, the other is to scientifically supervise Chinese medicine health food, the third is to promote Chinese medicine culture into the campus, and the fourth is to implement the social co-governance of Chinese medicine health industry. Li Huisen believes that although the state has made relevant plans for the health industry, with the continuous expansion of the health industry and the increasing demand for products, services and quality in the consumer market, as well as the trend of diversified development of market players, it is necessary to further study and formulate the development strategy of the health industry with the characteristics of China in the new era, so as to optimize the industrial resources and lead the innovative development of the health industry of traditional Chinese medicine.

　　"It is necessary to clarify the food attributes and positioning of Chinese medicine health food, and clearly define the differences with other foods and medicines. It is necessary to take the catalogue of raw materials and the functional catalogue that allows health food to claim as the starting point, and encourage enterprises to inherit the traditional Chinese medicine health preservation theory and develop new functional new products. It is necessary to standardize and guide the research and development and verification of functional claims of enterprises and inspection and evaluation institutions, implement the main responsibility of enterprises, and promote the innovation and development of Chinese medicine health food industry. " Li Huisen suggested that a platform of "government-led, supplemented by industry associations, enterprises, media and consumers" should be formed, and pre-guidance, post-event supervision and self-discipline of enterprises, product upgrading and popularization of health knowledge should be strengthened, so as to realize social co-governance of Chinese medicine health industry.